随着我国经济的飞速发展及城市化进程的加速，剧增的人类活动带来的河流水体污染以及随之而至的水生态环境危机不断加剧，流域生态环境已经进入到大范围生态退化、服务功能严重受损甚至丧失的新阶段。认识人类干扰胁迫下河流生态系统中重要生物群落的演化过程和演化方向，是目前国际水生动物研究领域的热点问题。本研究拟选受污染最严重的海河流域的两个典型子流域（滏阳河、潮白河），以典型生物群落——轮虫为研究对象，深入解析“水质污染驱动河流浮游动物群落地域分布的机制”这一关键科学问题，重点检测“适应性选择（species sorting）是驱使浮游动物群落空间分异的主因子”这一前提假设。本研究拟阐明河流水体受污染后浮游动物群落空间分布的决定因子及规律，解析浮游动物群落中的关键/功能物种的群体遗传分化基础及进化机制，为保护、维持和恢复河流生态完整性提供理论基础，同时为受损生态系统的修复与治理提供科学的决策依据。

With the accelerated development of economy and rapid urbanization in China, the sharp increase of water pollution caused by various human activities has resulted in fast growing ecological crisis in river ecosystems. Such severe water pollution in river ecosystems has led to a new phase of large-scale ecological degradation and impaired or even thorough loss of service in China. In this study, we will choose two representative sub-basins (Fuyang River, Chaobai River) of the highly polluted Haihe River Basin in the economically developed areas in eastern China, and will use rotifers as a case study to address one of the key fundamental questions: dynamics of water pollution on geographical distribution of zooplankton communities. We will test a null hypothesis that species sorting serves as the major factor in determining geographical distribution of zooplankton communities in highly polluted river ecosystems. Based on community and representative species levels, we will elucidate patterns and determinants for spatial distribution of rotifer assemblages, and clarify evolutionary directions/fates and investigate mechanisms of genetic differentiation and evolutionary dynamics of key/functional species. We aim to provide answers to key fundamental questions for protecting, maintaining and restoring ecological integrity, and to provide reference for restoring damaged aquatic ecosystems.