留守儿童的认知与非认知能力发展研究

大规模城乡人口流动造成了我国一个规模庞大的留守儿童群体。截止2014年，我国每5个孩子中就有1个留守儿童。现有大量研究表明，儿童阶段的经历对于个人一生的成长具有无可置疑的重要影响，这既包括接受正规教育等认知能力方面，又包括情感、意志、心理健康等非认知能力方面。本项目将以长期跟踪调查为基础,通过收集对于留守儿童认知和非认知能力发展非常重要的一系列影响因素，包括学生，监护人，留守儿童父母，学校，班级，教师，社区等各方面的数据,来定量研究留守儿童认知与非认知发展状况,影响因素,互相之间的互动,以及对于儿童长期发展的影响。具体而言，本项目将（1）测试留守儿童非认知能力的不同衡量方法并对留守儿童的非认知和认知能力进行科学地衡量；（2）理解父母外出打工对于留守儿童认知／非认知能力的影响；（3）进一步理解父母外出打工对于留守儿童认知／非认知能力的影响的作用机制；（4）评估解决留守儿童问题的具体政策选项。

Large scale rural-to-urban migration has caused a large number of left-behind children in China. As of 2014, there were 1 left behind children for every 5 children in our country. Existing research shows that childhood experiences, including both the cognitive and non-cognitive dimensions, have important influence on life cycle outcomes. This project will study longitudinally the cognitive and non-cognitive developments of left-behind children through the collections of factors that are important in shaping these abilities, including student, guardian, parents, schools, classes, teachers, the community, etc, and study their interactions. Specifically, this project will (1) test different ways of measuring children's non-cognitive ability and scientifically measure the non-cognitive development of left-behind children; (2) estimate the effects of parental outmigration on children's cognitive and non-cognitive abilities; (3) further understand the mechanism through which parental migration affect left-behind children; (4) assess effectiveness of policy options that are designed to help left-behind children.