在煤热解焦油气未冷凝前进行催化裂解，耦合伴生富氢组分，将重质焦油转化为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、萘（BTXN）等轻质化工品是实现重质焦油高附加值利用的重要途径。深入探讨煤中相对富氢的低分子化合物在气态焦油催化改质过程中的变迁行为，有助于认识低分子化合物作为供氢组分促进重质焦油轻质转化的过程实质。本研究利用抽提、柱色谱法将低分子化合物从煤大分子结构中提取、分离，详细解析各组分的结构、含量及其在热解过程中的变迁行为。依据不同操作条件下原煤、抽提残煤以及抽提物的热解气态焦油催化改质产物特性，探讨不同变质程度煤中低分子化合物对BTXN形成的贡献；并将具有供氢结构的低分子组分单独或混合回配到抽提残煤中进行催化，探明不同富氢组分对焦油裂解碎片的供氢能力及相互竞争关系。最终揭示低分子化合物在气态重质焦油催化形成BTXN过程中的供氢机制。研究结果将为气态焦油重质组分催化裂解轻质化技术的应用提供科学指导。

It is an important way to realize the high value-added utilization of heavy tar by converting it into light chemical products, like benzene, toluene, xylene and naphthalene (BTXN) during catalytic upgrading of uncondensed tar coupling with the hydrogen-rich components in coal pyrolysis products. Through deeply study on the transformation behavior of low molecular compounds which are the relative hydrogen-rich components in coal during catalytic upgrading of gaseous tars, it will have a better understanding of the process of the low molecular compounds as hydrogen donor components to promote the conversion of heavy tar to light arenes. Therefore, this project will extract low molecular compounds from coal macromolecule structure and then separate them by column chromatography. The structure and content of each component will be detected, and their transformation behaviors will be detailed analyzed during pyrolysis. The contribution of low molecular compounds in different rank coal to BTXN formation will be investigated according to the catalytic products characteristics of gaseous tar generated from pyrolysis of raw coal, residual coal, and extract under different operation conditions. Then, the components with hydrogen donating structure in low molecular compounds will be separately or simultaneously blended with residual coal for the catalytic experiments to discuss the hydrogen-donating ability of each component to the cracking fragment of tar and the competitive relationship between them. Finally, the hydrogen-donating mechanisms of low molecular compounds will be revealed during the catalytic formation of BTXN. The results will provide the theoretical guidance for the application of the catalytic upgrading of gaseous tar.