太阳电池光电热转换机理与多物理场耦合研究

太阳电池在光电转换过程中存在复杂的光子、电子和声子等能量载流子相互作用相互耦合，其过程体现出多学科融合特性和光电热多物理场依赖性，给光伏电池的优化设计以及电热的综合管理带来极大挑战。已有的研究大多停留在宏观系统层面，或是局限于光子吸收理论和低维载流子动力学等微观分析，缺少全面的光电热多物理场综合模型，无法准确阐述太阳能传递和转换的过程及微观机理。因此，本课题旨在探讨太阳电池的能量传输和转换机理，拟融合工程热物理学科以及光学、电学、材料学等相关理论，基于多学科交叉的研究方法，构建太阳电池的宏观和微观多物理场耦合模型，全面分析电池的光吸收、电转换、热传递过程，量化电池中的能量分布和去向，探究影响电池效率的关键性因素，预测非标准状态下电池的温度与发电效率。最后，综合模拟仿真和实验研究方法，揭示太阳电池光-电-热转换的物理机制，探讨光热电的综合管理方法，为实现太阳能高效利用提供理论支持。

Nowadays a key challenge of solar photovoltaic power generation is that only a small part of the incident solar energy can be converted into electricity, which the remaining parts are dissipated as various losses during the process of light absorption, electrical conversion and thermal energy transmission. The utilization process of solar energy for electricity generation is a multi-disciplinary filed, with complicated and irreversible characteristics, because of high interaction and dependence of optical, electrical and thermal physics. It is widely acknowledged that the solar photovoltaic devices are not just the optical and electrical systems, but also typical thermodynamic systems, and the three physical domains are tightly coupled. Currently, most of the current research only focuses on systematic study, or the photo-electric and photo-thermal coupling, while there is less study on the thermodynamic and there is no coupled modelling of optical-electrical-thermal physics of solar cells. Therefore, the research is proposed to develop a comprehensive and multi-physics simulation model to describe the optical-electrical-thermal conversion process within solar cells, by addressing the optoelectronic and thermodynamic responses simultaneously. The photocurrent losses due to carrier recombination and the intrinsic heat generation/dissipation processes in the solar cells will be investigated quantitatively, and the key factors for determining the efficiency of solar cell will be examined. This research aims to reveal the multi-discipline coupling mechanism of optical-electrical-thermal conversion process, to optimize the configuration of solar cell and provides some guidance for cost-effective solar energy utilization.