表面离子印迹聚合物修饰MCM-41的控制合成、吸附脱附性能/机理和回收稀土离子的应用

离子吸附型稀土矿区地表和地下水中稀土离子和铵氮普遍超标，造成了严重的资源流失和环境污染，但是目前吸附回收面临吸附剂普遍吸附容量低、再生性差，特别是无选择性的瓶颈。基于预研过的聚乙烯醇磷酸酯缩戊二醛的高离子吸附容量、高选择性和高再生性以及MCM-41的超高比表面积，本项目拟采用离子印迹技术，以离子印迹聚合物表面修饰MCM-41合成新型的有机无机杂化吸附剂，用于低浓度稀土离子的高选择性、高效吸附分离。首先控制合成聚乙烯醇磷酸酯修饰的MCM-41，系统研究吸附剂微观结构、时间、pH 值、温度和共存离子等对其吸附的影响，建立吸附的热力学/动力学模型，研究解吸的主要影响因素，并深入研究稀土离子吸附和解吸的微观过程及化学机理，建立离子印迹聚合物修饰分子筛吸附分离低浓度稀土离子的新方法提供实验依据和理论支持。因此，本课题不仅有较高的学术价值，而且在高效利用稀土资源、保护生态环境方面有重要社会价值。

The over standard of rare earth ions and ammonium nitrogen concentrations in the surface/undrground water around the ion adsorption type rare earth mines has been widespread, resulting in serious resource loss and environmental pollution. However,the bottleneck in adsorptive recycling that the nowadays adopted adsorbents are generally low in adsorption capacity, poor in reproducibility and especially lack of adsorption selectivity. Based on the pre-investigated phosphatic polyvinyl glutaraldehyde with high adsorption capacity, adsorption selectivity and high reproducibility as well as easily-available MCM-41 with high specific surface area, a novel organic-inorganic hybrid adsorbent for selective and high efficent adsorptive separation of low concentration rare earth ions has been developed by modifying MCM-41 using ion imprinted technology. The project is plan to start with contolled fabrication of phosphoryloated polyvinyl alcohol-modified MCM-41 and systematically investigate the effects of adsorbent microstructure, adsorption duration, pH, temperature, and co-existing ions, etc.,and conduct a kinetic and thermodynamic analysis on adsorption process, explore the major factors influencing the desorption, and intensively study adsorption and desorption micro-process of rare earth ions and chemical mechanism. The project is expected to provide experimental data and theoretical support for the establishment of the methodology for separation of rare earth ions based on ion imprinted polymers modified molecular sieves, and also offer theoretical guide and methodological support for recovering rare earth elements from low concentration wastewater. In summary, the research is not only of high academic value but also is of great social significance for efficiently utilizing rare earth resources and preserving ecological and environment.