超效厌氧反应器床层压变、流变与传质行为研究

超效厌氧反应器（有机负荷(OLR)≥40gCOD/(Lod)）比常效厌氧反应器（OLR≤20gCOD/(Lod)）具有更高的容积负荷、更少的占地面积和运行费用等优点，因而备受国内外学者青睐。项目以超效厌氧反应器为对象，以常效厌氧反应器为参比，开展床层压变（压力变化）行为研究，探明床层气泡聚并和破碎机制、颗粒污泥失稳和爆破机制，可为控制颗粒污泥浓度分布和维持其结构稳定性奠定理论基础；开展床层流变行为研究，探明床层不同区域颗粒污泥流变特性及其影响因素，可为探索颗粒污泥组成要素和最佳水力条件等提供理论依据；开展床层传质行为研究，探明床层颗粒污泥结构形貌、内部流动规律和相际传质阻力，可为诊断传质阻力瓶颈和寻找传质强化途径提供理论指导。研究成果将深入揭示超效厌氧反应器高效机理，丰富厌氧反应器理论，为厌氧反应器的设计、操作和工程放大提供理论指导。

Compared with the ordinary-rate anaerobic bioreactor(organic loading rate(OLR)≤20gCOD/(Lod)), the super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor(OLR≥40gCOD/(Lod)) has a higher volumetric loading, less occupied area and operation cost. Therefore, it is researched popularly by scholars at home and abroad. This project will be studied in a super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor and a ordinary-rate anaerobic bioreactor for comparison. Bed pressure change behavior, such as mechanism of coalescence and breakage of bubble and instability and bursting of granular sludge, will be investigated to lay the theoretical foundation of controlling the concentration distribution of granular sludge and maintain its stability of structure. Bed rheological behavior, such as rheological properties and their influence factors, will be investigated to provide theoretical basis of exploring component elements and optimum hydrodynamics conditions of granular sludge. Bed mass transfer behavior, such as structure and morphology of granular sludge, its inner flow law and the mass transfer resistance between different phases, will be investigated to provide theoretical guides of diagnosing the bottleneck of mass transfer resistance and seeking the strengthening method of mass transfer. The research results will deeply reveal the high-rate mechanism of super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor, enrich the theory of anaerobic bioreactor and guide the designs, operations and engineering scale-up of anaerobic bioreactors.