浮式螺旋型风机叶片动力特性及基于压电智能材料的叶片振动抑制研究

叶片是风机的关键部件，随着单机发电功率增加，叶片尺寸越来越大，其动力响应也趋于复杂。对于海上浮式风机而言，因气动力、水动力、结构运动相互影响，致使叶片动力特性更为复杂。与水平轴风机相比，垂直轴风机有结构简单、安装/维修/检修成本低、风场空间利用率高等优点，符合海上风机大型化发展需求。本项目针对海上浮式螺旋型垂直轴风机叶片展开研究。考虑支撑结构（浮式基础和塔柱）运动及叶片几何非线性和弯扭耦合效应，研究浮式风机叶片的动力学建模方法；分析浮式风机叶片的固有振动特性及正常作业和典型故障情况的动力响应特性，揭示浮式基础运动对叶片动力特性和风机发电功率的影响机理，确定影响风机气动性能和启动性能的关键叶片结构参数；基于压电智能材料研究浮式螺旋型风机叶片的振动抑制。本研究将更合理的预报浮式风机叶片动力响应，为浮式螺旋型垂直轴风机叶片参数设计提供指导，为推进海上浮式垂直轴风机发展奠定理论基础。

The blade is the key component of the wind turbine. With the increase of the generation power of the single machine, the size of the blade is getting bigger and bigger, and its dynamic response is also becoming more complicated. For the offshore floating wind turbine, the dynamic characteristic of the blade is more complicated because of the interaction of aerodynamic force, hydrodynamic force and structural motions. Compared with the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT), the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) has the advantages of simple structure, low cost of installation, maintenance and repair, and high utilization ratio of wind field, which is in line with the large-scale development demand of offshore wind turbines. This project is aimed at the research of the blade of the offshore floating helical VAWT. Considering the supporting structure (i.e. floating foundation and tower) motions, the geometry nonlinear and bending and twisting coupling effect of the blade, the theoretical modeling method of floating wind turbine blade is studied. The dynamic characteristics of floating wind turbine blades will be analyzed, including the natural vibration characteristic and dynamic response characteristic of the normal operation condition and the typical failure states. The influence mechanism of floating foundation motions on blade dynamic characteristic and the generation power of the wind turbine will be revealed. The key structural parameters of helical blade that affect the aerodynamic and start-up performance of the wind turbine will be determined. Vibration suppression mechanism of helical blade supported by the floating foundation will be studied based on the piezoelectric smart material. This study will be more reasonable to predict the dynamic response of blades of floating wind turbine, and provide guidance for the design of blade parameters of the floating helical VAWT, and lay a theoretical foundation for promoting the development of offshore floating VAWT.