小麦成株期抗条锈病位点QYr.cim-2AS的精细定位与候选基因分析

小麦条锈病是影响全球小麦产量的叶部病害，利用成株抗性基因育种已是小麦抗病育种的主要方向，而且兼抗型成株抗性基因的合理利用更是全球小麦抗病育种的重要策略，发掘新的兼抗多种病害的成株抗性的QTL，找到与其紧密连锁或者共分离分子标记,对培育持久抗病育种极为重要。本项目利用仅含成株抗性位点QYL.cimmyt-2AS的3个Apav#1/Mucuy重组自交系分别与感病亲本Apav#1进行杂交并回交1次构建的次级群体和突变群体进行精细定位，2022年和2024年分别在在青海、甘肃和湖北试验基地进行条锈病成株抗性鉴定，选用小麦条锈病生理混合小种进行人工接种。结合90KSNP芯片数据和BSA-RNA-Seq测序技术,根据中国春基因组的注释信息，找到潜在的候选基因，分析候选基因序列。此研究为分子标记辅助育种奠定基础。

Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is a devastating foliar diseases that threat wheat production in many regions of the world. Deployment adult-plant resistant cultivars by marker assistant selection conferred to mainstream in future, and Slow rusting adult-plant resistance (APR) genes play an important role in ensuring their appropriate deployment in wheat resistant disease breeding around the world. It is very important to identify closely co-segregated molecular markers to APR gene for durable resistance to stripe rust. 3 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Apav#1 and susceptible line Mucuy, which only carry APR QTL QYr.cim-2AS, were separately used to cross with Apav#1 for constructing sub-population and EMS population . The sub-population willplant in experimental agriculture stations of Qinghai, Gansu and Hubei, respectively, for stripe rust evaluation during 2022-2024 crop seasons. Artificial inoculations in both stations will carry out using the highly virulent P. striiformis Chinese races CYR33 approximately one month after sowing. Disease severity of stripe rust on parents and lines will score twice in 2022 and 2024, respectively, according to the Modified Cobb Scale, where percentage of rust tissue is visually estimated. Stripe rustseverity will rate when the susceptible parent Apav#1 displayed 90-100% severity. In order to find 2-3 co-segregated molecular makers to QYL.cim-2AS, 2000 BC1F2 lines will be used to fine map this locus with BSA-RNA-Seq and 90K SNP. Finally, analyse the condidate gene sequence. The study of APR gene laid the foundation for the molecular assistant breeding.