由于具有独特的电磁性能，超导作为核心功能材料已被广泛地应用于核磁共振成像、磁约束核聚变装置等领域，而且在国防军事方面也展示了诱人的应用前景。在极端工作环境下，力学变形导致超导电磁性能退化以及关键超导结构或器件面临冲击载荷的威胁成为超导在民用工业和军事国防应用中必须考虑的关键问题。本项目针对准静态力学变形和冲击载荷显著影响超导薄膜电磁特性问题展开实验和理论研究。重点分析力学变形引起超导薄膜的微观缺陷演变及其对磁通涡旋钉扎效应的影响，建立钉扎演化下超导薄膜电磁性质的高效数值模拟方法。通过磁通涡旋脱钉扎过程及其脱钉扎后的动力学特征，揭示准静态力学变形影响超导宏观电磁性能的微观机理，最后探讨冲击载荷作用对超导电磁性能的影响规律。本项目的研究成果不仅为国内外开展的超导低温力学测试实验结果和超导力-电-磁多场耦合问题提供理论分析基础和新的研究思路，而且为改善力学变形下超导的电磁性能提供重要的参考依据。

Due to the unique electromagnetic properties, superconductors have been widely used, as primary function materials, in the fields such as magnatic resonance imaging and magneto-constrained fusion energy device. Additionally, superconductors have also exhibited fascinating applications in national defense and military. In extreme working environment, the superconducting properties are weaker in the presence of mechanical strain, and the key superconducting structures/devices may be damaged by the shock-wave loading. These become the key problems that must be considered in the applications of superconductors. This proposed project will investigate, by both theory and experiments, the effects of quasi-static strain and the shock-wave loading on the electromagnetic properties of superconducting films. We will focus on the evolutions of the microscopic defects and the vortex-pinnings with mechanical strain in superconducting films. We will also develop an effective numerical method to simulate the superconducting properties in the presence of evolutive pinnings. By studying the depinning of vortices and the vortex dynamics, we will further reveal the micromechanism for the effects of quasi-static strain on the superconducting properties. In the last, we will explore the superconductivity in the presence of shock-wave loading. The research of this project will provide theoretical analysis and new insights for mechanical tests of superconductors at low-temperature and mechanical-eletric-magnetic coupling problems of superconductors. Additionally, the research is also very helpful to improve the superconducting properties in the presence of mechaincal strain.