敦煌壁画承载了人类千年的文明，利用现代科技手段分析保护敦煌莫高窟壁画对于人类文化基因的传承具有重要的意义。本项目针对敦煌壁画分析中依赖壁画残块导致的数据（分析样品）缺乏和“取样”对壁画的损伤问题，拟利用激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）技术开展敦煌莫高窟壁画的原位分析方法研究。通过对壁画模拟试块和壁画残块的实验室测量，获得壁画分析的最优LIBS实验方案和壁画颜料的基本光谱信息；通过实验室LIBS仪器的集成改进，对敦煌莫高窟中的壁画进行原位分析，结合实验室测量结果建立敦煌莫高窟壁画颜料的LIBS数据库，揭示不同朝代洞窟壁画颜料的光谱特点和壁画产生“病变”脱落的可能原因。相关研究成果可以为敦煌莫高窟壁画的文化研究提供科学依据，为预防壁画病害和制定保护方案提供科学数据。实验室LIBS仪器到现场原位分析仪器的集成改进，可以为后期开发适用于敦煌壁画和其他文物的便携式、原位LIBS仪器提供技术参考。

Dunhuang murals carry the civilization of hummankind for thousands of years. Using scientific methods to analyze and protect the murals of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang has great significance to the inheritance of human cultural genes. Aiming at the lack of data (samples) and the damage caused by "sampling" in the analysis of Dunhuang murals, the in-situ analysis method for murals of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang was studied by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This project intends to obtain the optimal LIBS experimental scheme for mural analysis and the basic spectral information of mural pigments through laboratory measurement to mural simulation blocks and mural debris. It intends to conduct in-situ analysis of murals in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes through the integration and improvement of LIBS instruments in the laboratory, and establish a LIBS database of mural pigments in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes by combining laboratory measurement results, so as to reveal spectral characteristics of murals in the caves at different dynasties and possible reasons for the "pathological changes" of murals. Relevant research results can provide scientific data for the cultural research of murals in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, and provide scientific basis for the prevention of mural diseases and the formulation of protection schemes. The integrated improvement of LIBS instrument from laboratory to in-situ analytical instrument can provide technical reference and database support for the development of portable and in-situ LIBS instrument.