中层和低热层大气静力稳定性的全球时空变化特性研究

大气稳定性包括静力稳定性和动力稳定性。它们依赖于大气结构，并对大气波动的产生、传播和耗散过程均有重要影响，波动的传播和耗散反过来会影响大气结构。因此，大气稳定性对研究大气结构和大气波动具有举足轻重的作用，是中高层大气动力学研究的重要问题之一。本项目利用TIMED/SABER探测器从2002年至今观测的最为系统全面的高分辨率全球中层和低热层大气温度数据，重点研究中层和低热层大气静力稳定性的全球分布和季节变化特征以及太阳周变化特性，研究静力稳定性与重力波活动之间的关系。首先分析静力稳定性的全球分布特征和季节变化特性；然后研究全球中层和低热层大气静力稳定性对太阳活动的响应特征；最后针对背景温度和重力波均来自于SABER探测器同时对同体积空气柱的观测这一特点，结合数值模式，研究全球中层和低热层大气静力稳定性与重力波活动之间的关系。该项研究成果为深入了解大气结构和波动的时空变化特性提供观测依据。

The atmospheric stabilities, which include static stability and dynamic stability, depend on the structures of atmosphere and have important effects on the generation, propagation and dissipation of atmospheric waves. On the other hand, the propagation and dissipation of the atmospheric waves impact the atmospheric structure. Consequently, the atmospheric stabilities play important roles in the atmospheric dynamics studies. In this project, the temperature data, which were measured by the SABER instrument onboard the TIMED satellite from 2002 to present, are used to he global distributions of atmospheric static stability in the middle atmosphere and lower thermosphere and its seasonal and solar cycle variations. Specifically, after we separate the background temperature and gravity waves from the observed temperature profiles, the global distributions of the atmospheric static stability and their seasonal variations in the middle atmosphere and lower thermosphere will be studied firstly. Then the responses of the global atmospheric static stability to the solar activity will be analyzed. Finally using the advantage of the background temperature and gravity waves, which are dereived concurrently from the same air column observed by the SABER instrument, we will study the relations between the global atmospheric static stability and the gravity waves with the help of our numerical model. The results of this project will provide observational fundament on the spatial-time variations of the atmospheric structures and gravity waves.