动物个性指同种个体间稳定表达的行为差异，它不但关系到个体适应性还深刻影响着社会群体的结构与功能。近年来个性与合作行为间关系的研究逐渐成为热点研究领域。但作为新兴领域此类研究实证案例仍较少，研究方法也经常忽视遗传基础，相应的理论框架仍需完善，如个性的群体适应性仍需要被深入探讨。.本项目拟以社会性蜘蛛胫毛穹蛛为研究对象，测量其勇敢性、攻击性、探索性与社交性，阐明胫毛穹蛛个性结构与遗传基础；构建拥有不同个性成分的实验群体并调节影响蜘蛛社会性的主要生态压力——捕猎难度，来探究个性对个体在合作捕猎中分工的影响，探讨个性存在与维持的社会机制；评价不同生态压力下个性对个体与群体适合度的影响，阐释“群体个性构成”对个体和群体适应性的影响，探索个性的社会适应机制与合作的起源与进化。.该项目的实施，不仅可以丰富和发展行为生态学与社会生物学相关理论，还能够为动物保护政策制定乃至社会和谐发展提供重要理论参考。

Animal personality describes consistently expressed behavioral differences among individuals of the same species. It can not only wield influence on individual adaptability but also can profoundly affect the structure and function of social groups. The study on the relationship between personality and cooperative behavior has become a hot field and developed quickly in recent years. However, as a new research field, empirical cases of which are still very rare and fragmentary; and the research methods often ignores the genetic basis; the theoretical framework also needs to be improved, for example, the group adaption of personality needs to be further explored..In this study, we plan to use the social spider Stegodyphus tibialis to: i) measure its boldness, aggressiveness, exploration and sociality, and clarify the personality structure and genetic basis of this spider; ii) by constructing experimental groups with different personalities compositions and set a series of prey size, a main factor that affects the level of cooperation of social spiders, to study the influence of individual's personality on the division of labor in cooperative foraging, and to explore the social mechanism for the existence and maintenance of personality variation; iii) by evaluating the individual fitness and the group fitness of corresponding personalities under specific ecological pressure, we try to explain the influence of the group personality composition on the individual and the group fitness, and then explore the group adaptation mechanism of the personality and the evolutionary origin of cooperation..The implementation of this project can not only enrich and develop the relevant theories of behavioral ecology and sociobiology, but also provide important theory reference for the making of the bio-diversity protection policies and even for the harmonious development of human society.