斑嘴鸭具有食用、药用、观赏和作为工业原料等多种价值，是传统的狩猎和经济鸟类。虽然其数量在全球一直处于下降趋势，但是，对野生斑嘴鸭种群繁殖研究仅涉及到巢特征和卵特征，对其巢址生境选择、种群繁殖限制因素和孵卵行为等一系列的科学问题尚属未知。近几年，我们在野外测量了254窝斑嘴鸭的巢及卵的相关参数，并观察到与前人描述不一致的繁殖行为。为了获取斑嘴鸭繁殖过程中的一些基本信息，探索影响繁殖的因素，该课题的研究内容为：（1）巢址生境选择。拟从景观、斑块和巢址三个尺度反映斑嘴鸭繁殖生境需求，找出影响生境选择的关键因子。（2）繁殖生态学。包括繁殖物候学、巢特征、卵特征、繁殖成效、巢和卵失败的类别及占比，揭示繁殖成效影响因素及影响程度。（3）孵卵行为。包括亲本投入、孵卵节律和护巢防卫行为在不同孵卵时间段的差异性，探究亲本投入和孵卵节律对孵化率的影响。研究结果为制定物种保护措施提供依据，为人工繁育提供参考资料。

Spot-billed duck possesses of various values such as edible，medicinal，ornamental and industrial uses. The species is a traditional bird for hunting and economy. Although the number of spot-billed duck has been in downward trend，the study on its wild breeding population involved only in nest and egg characteristics. Series scientific issues on its nest-site habitat selection，limiting factors against population reproduction and incubation ecology are unknown. Relevant parameters from 254 nests and their eggs of wild spot-billed duck were investigated，and breeding behaviors different from previous description were observed by us in recent years. In order to obtain some basic information in the breeding period of spot-billed duck and explore factors impacting on its reproduction，the content of this study includes：（1）Nest-site habitat selection. We plan to reflect requirements to breeding habitat at landscape scale，path scale and nest-site scale，and discover the key factors of breeding habitat selection. （2）Breeding ecology. We focus on breeding phenology，nest characteristics，egg characteristics，reproductive effort，type and ratio of failure on nest and egg，and exhibit impacting factors and impacting degree on reproductive effort. （3）Incubation behavior. We focus on the differences of parental investment，incubation rhythm and nest defense in different incubation phases，and analyze the influence of parental investment and incubation rhythm to hatching rate. The results of the research can provide evidence for species conservation and provide reference for artificial reproduction.