中国大陆多尺度时变重力场建模及地震重力效应研究

时变重力场综合反映了地球系统的物质分布与变化，为地球科学研究地球系统物质迁移过程与机理提供重要信息。提高时变重力场的分辨率和精度，不仅是我国地震和水文气象等自然灾害监测预警与防范的重大需求，而且也是大地测量学、地震学和水文学等综合交叉研究领域亟待解决的关键科学问题之一。本项目以构建中国大陆高精度多尺度时变重力场模型及深入理解地震重力变化机理为目标，研究卫星和地面重力观测数据的精细预处理与融合方法、基于重力卫星沿轨观测数据的区域时变重力场精化方法、联合多源观测数据的多尺度区域时变重力场建模方法、地壳三维结构的多尺度重力反演方法及地震重力信号的提取方法，利用区域多尺度时变重力场和动力学模拟方法研究中国大陆典型强震地区的多尺度物质迁移模式、地震带物理环境及地震孕震机理。预期研究成果将提高我国卫星重力观测数据处理与应用能力，提升重力测量技术应用于地震监测预警与防范的科学水平。

The temporal Earth’s gravity field reflects the mass distribution and variations of the earth system, providing a crucial information for studying the process and mechanism of mass transportation. Improving the resolution and accuracy of the temporal gravity field is not only the requirements for natural disaster monitoring and forewarning in earthquake and hydrometeorology, but also one of the crucial issues in geodesy, seismology and hydrology. To solve this issue, the primary objective of the proposal is to determine the multi-scale temporal gravity field model over the Mainland China with high accuracies, and to understand thoroughly the mass transport laws and seismogenic mechanism of the earthquake in the hot areas of China. The main contents are as follows: firstly, studying the data preprocessing and fusion methods to improve the quality of the land and satellite gravity observations, and using the onboard satellite observations to refine the regional temporal gravity field model over the Mainland China; secondly, studying multi-scale gravity inversion method for the refinement of 3-D crust structure, using the multi-source observations to build a multi-scale regional temporal gravity field model, and extracting the seismic gravity signals from the multi-scale regional temporal gravity field model; finally, studying the multi-scale mass transport modes of earth’s interior system, analyzing the physical environment of seismic belt, and investigating seismogenic mechanism of earthquake by geodynamic modeling and the multi-scale regional temporal gravity field model over the Mainland China. The expected achievements can enhance the data processing and its applications of satellite gravimetry, and improve the current standard for earthquake monitoring and forewarning with gravimetry technique in China.