集成CP、ECR和ERA的钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀主动电场控制研究

阴极保护（CP）、电化学除氯（ECR）、电化学再碱化（ERA）等电化学技术被认为是降低钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀损伤最直接、有效的途径。本项目提出集成CP、ECR和ERA的钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀主动电场控制方法。首先，基于传输过程的物理化学作用本质，将孔隙液与孔隙壁间的相互作用、水分迁移、荷载作用耦合进Nernst-Planck方程，建立持载非饱水混凝土内物质传输模型；然后，探究腐蚀主动控制电场作用下氧气浓度、氯离子浓度、pH值对钢筋混凝土界面电极动力反应的影响机理，并建立极化方程；其次，将腐蚀控制电场的分布、氧气传输、界面电极动力反应结合到混凝土内物质传输模型，得到外加电场与其腐蚀控制效果间的关系，形成钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀主动电场控制的计算模型；最后，通过典型沿海侵蚀环境下钢筋混凝土桥墩实验验证理论模型的可靠性。本项目关于钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀主动电场控制的研究具有重要的学术价值和广阔的应用前景。

Electrochemical protection technologies, i.e., cathodic protection (CP), electrochemical chlorine removal (ECR), electrochemical realkalization (ERA), are considered to be the most direct and effective ways to control the corrosion of RC structures. The active electric field corrosion control method for RC structures that integrates CP, ECR and ERA is proposed in this project. Firstly, based on the essence of physical and chemical interactions of the mass transport, the interactions between pore solution and hardened cement hydrates, the water migration and the load effect are coupled into the Nernst-Planck equations to establish the theoretical model of the mass transport in concrete materials. Moreover, the effects of the oxygen and chloride concentrations and the pH value on the electrode kinetic reactions at the concrete-steel interface are investigated when the RC structures are subjected to an active electric field to control the corrosion, and then, the polarization equations are deduced. Thirdly, the effects of the electric field to control the corrosion, the transport of oxygen and the electrode kinetic reactions on the mass transport are coupled into the theoretical model to establish the theoretical model of the active electric field corrosion control method, and then, the relationship between the externally applied electric field and the corrosion control effect is obtained. Finally, the experiment is conducted to verify the reliability of the theoretical models, which relates to RC bridge piers that surfer from the typical coastal erosion environment. Therefore, this project has the significant academic value and broad application prospects.