新型手性有机分子笼的设计、合成及催化应用研究

模拟自然界中的酶催化，在温和的反应条件下实现高效高立体选择性的催化转化是当前有机合成化学的重要研究目标。受酶催化“反应口袋”作用机制的启发，超分子化学家发展了各种超分子主体，在许多反应中都实现了和酶类似的反应加速效应，以及对底物区域选择性的高度调控。然而，成功实现高效高立体选择性的不对称超分子催化的例子非常有限，成为当前困扰超分子化学家们的重大难题。针对这一现状，本项目开展手性有机分子笼的设计、合成及催化应用研究，拟通过新型手性超分子主体的构建，实现全新的不对称超分子催化。主要内容包括：1、基于手性二氢蒽和手性联二萘酚骨架构建两类新型的手性有机分子笼；2、选择手性有机分子笼为超分子模板开展不对称催化研究；3、运用超分子化学技术和手段探讨不对称催化中选择性识别、构型变化和催化循环等基本科学问题。

Mimicking the natural enzyme catalysis for the highly efficient and selective catalysis under mild conditions is the most important goals of contemporary synthetic chemistry. Inspired by the “reaction pockets” mechanism of enzyme catalysis, various supramolecular hosts have been constructed by chemists for supramolecular catalysis. While remarkable acceleration in reactivity and improvement of regioselectivity have been achieved in many reactions via supramolecular strategy, there are a less number of reports on enatioselective supramolecular catalysis. Therefore, the development of highly effective enatioselective supramolecular catalysis remains an enormous challenge for chemists. Accordingly, the study of design, synthesis, and catalytic application of chiral porous organic cages will be carried in this project, which includes: Firstly, construction of two novel types of chiral porous organic cages base on dihydroanthracene and binaphthol frameworks. Secondly, using chiral porous organic cages as supramolecular hosts for asymmetric catalysis. Finally, typical techniques and methods in supramolecular chemisty will be utilized to explore the recognition properties, conformational changes, and the possible catalytic cycles.