基于原位EIS诊断的船用燃料电池动态特性与衰退机理研究

聚合物电解质膜燃料电池（PEMFC）作为船舶动力系统的动态响应特性直接与燃料电池的材料、操作条件和使用环境密切相关。本项目针对燃料电池在海洋环境船舶机动航行的交变载荷作用和Cl-离子污染条件，提出采用纳米NbC担载低Pt的阴极催化剂的燃料电池系统，电化学阻抗谱（EIS）技术在线原位诊断方式试验研究船用PEM燃料电池系统的动态特性与电池组件特性的关系和性能的长期稳定性。以PEMFC的电能输出（电压、电流和功率）的过程和物理组件为基础，构建电化学测试模型，解析试验数据，分析和诊断影响动态响应和性能衰退的主要控制因素。试验研究海洋环境船舶机动航行载荷谱与空气中氯离子对PEM燃料电池动态响应特性的影响规律。揭示氯离子浓度和机动航行载荷谱与燃料电池的动态响应和组件性能的关系；阐明PEM燃料电池系统的性能衰退机理。为船舶燃料电池系统的发展和海上环境应用奠定理论基础，并积累基础数据。

The dynamic performances of polymer ecletrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system for marine vessels are colsely related to the used materals, operational parameters and environment.In this proposal,a in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique is proposed to investigate the dynamic performances and durability of marine PEMFC system with cathode catalysts of NbC nanowires loaded platinum under operation conditions of boat mobiling navigation and ocean atmosphere and to diagnosis the effects of PEMFC components on the performance and durability of the PEMFC stack.Based on the process and physical components of PEMFC power output(voltage,cunrrent and power supply),a electrochemical measurement model is proposed and established to fit the measured EIS and to analyze and identify the main controlling factors and main components in affecting the dynamic performances and degradation of PEMFC system. The effects of dynamic loading and Cl ion concentration in air on the marin PEMFC are studied to establish the relationship between dynamic performances and loading spectrum and Cl ion concentration, and to build the relationship between PEMFC components and stack.It is to elucidate the degradation mechanism of PEMFC system in performances. These research works in this proposal will promote the development of marine PEMFC power system and provide the fundamental informations for PEMFC application in ocean vessels.