野生二粒小麦是普通小麦的野生近缘祖先种，是小麦遗传改良的重要资源和基因库。挖掘、利用其优异耐盐基因对提高小麦耐盐性，培育优良耐盐小麦新品种具有重要意义。本研究在前期对不同来源地野生二粒小麦的耐盐性进行系统评价并筛选获得了优异耐盐品系的基础上，采用转录组测序结合生物信息学分析在全基因组水平研究耐盐和盐敏感品系在正常和盐胁迫条件下的mRNA表达谱，高效、快速获得差异表达基因，鉴定、克隆盐胁迫响应相关基因，进一步采用扩增子测序对这些基因的遗传变异和多态性进行分析，结合与耐盐性的关联分析，鉴定获得与盐胁迫响应相关的关键基因，并挖掘其中的优异等位变异及单倍型，以期为揭示野生小麦耐盐的分子机理奠定理论基础，为丰富小麦抗盐育种的遗传基础和克服基因资源同质化问题服务。

Wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoide) is the direct progenitor of modern cultivated wheat, which could be utilized as elite genetic resources for wheat improvement. It’s very important to identify and discover the salt tolerance-associated genes from wild emmer wheat for developing the excellent salt tolerant wheat varieties. In previous study, we have systematically investigated the salt tolerance of the wild emmer lines collected from different origin regions, and the elite lines were obtained. Here, we performed the high throughput transcriptome sequencing to analyze the gene expression profiles of salt tolerant and sensitive lines under normal conditions and salt stress at whole genome-wide level. The differential expressed genes or gene clusters were obtained upon comparison of these transcriptome expression profiles, and then the prominent salt induced genes were identified and cloned. Furthermore, the genetic variation and nucleotide diversity of these selected genes were investigated in some natural populations of wild emmer wheat and cultivars to reveal the adaptive evolutionary mechanism of these salt induced genes. Association analysis was further performed to identify the key candidate genes by correlating the SNPs with the salt tolerance of the lines, and also to discover the elite alleles and haplotypes. Our study will provide helpful information for revealing the molecular mechanisms of salt resistance in wild emmer wheat, and could be useful for enriching the genetic resources for wheat improvement and overcoming the problem of gene homogenization in wheat and beyond.