中间层顶大气重力波的高精度观测对于理解重力波与背景大气的相互作用、以及各大气圈层之间的耦合等重大前沿科学问题具有重要意义。然而由于受到观测手段和观测数据的影响，目前国际上利用激光雷达对重力波动量通量和热量通量的长期定量观测极少，且年际变化的研究还未见报道。本项目主要利用基于中国科学技术大学自主研制的高光谱分辨率钠测温测风激光雷达在合肥地区（32°N, 117°E）长期连续观测的中间层顶大气温度、风场、大气重力波的动量通量和热量通量数据（自2011年底开始），结合卫星长期观测数据，和ECMWF再分析数据及全球大气环流模式结果，深入的探讨和研究我国中纬区域中间层顶大气重力波与背景大气的相互作用，重力波动量通量及其散度（驱动力）和热量通量的季节和年际变化特征，重力波受准半年振荡（QBO）、厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）、和11年太阳周期（11-year solar cycle）调制的机理。

Observations of gravity waves in the mesopause region will enhance our understanding of some important major scientific questions in this region, e.g. gravity wave-mean wind interaction and coupling between lower and middle/upper atmosphere. However, due to limited observational instruments with high temporal and vertical resolutions, the quantitative study of gravity wave momentum flux and heat flux with sodium lidar is rare. The inter-annual variability of mesopause region gravity waves observed with high-resolution lidar has not been reported yet in the literature. Using long-term mesopause temperature, wind, and gravity wave momentum flux and heat flux dataset (since end of 2011) observed by a state-of-art sodium temperature/wind lidar designed at the University of Science and Technology of China at Hefei (32°N, 117°E), and satellite, ECMWF reanalysis, and GCM model datasets, we focus on the study of interaction between gravity waves and mean wind in the middle latitude mesopause region, the inter-annual variability of gravity wave momentum flux and heat flux, the modulation mechanism of mesopause region gravity waves by QBO, ENSO, and 11-year solar cycle.