锂金属负极具有极高的理论比容量和最负的电势等优点，是高能量密度锂金属电池负极的最佳选择，然而循环过程中锂枝晶的不可控生长、不稳定的电极/电解液界面以及电极巨大的体积变化的问题严重制约其应用。本项目针对锂负极存在的主要问题进行合理设计，拟采用自行研制、具有特色的纳米粒子束流复合沉积系统，利用纳米粒子组装颗粒膜的独特多孔结构，实现厚度、成分和孔隙可控的锂负极三维多孔Cu@Li2O-LiZn骨架层的一体化构筑。系统研究锂负极表面修饰骨架层对循环过程中锂均匀沉积的引导作用和对枝晶生长的抑制机理，深入研究人造Li2O界面层构筑对界面SEI膜组成、结构和稳定性的影响规律及其对库伦效率的改善作用，探明骨架层的厚度与孔结构对沉积锂的容纳规律和电极结构的稳定作用，探究获得具有高安全性、高库伦效率和循环稳定的锂负极的有效途径，并考察该锂负极在全电池中的应用，为其从实验探究向实际应用的迈进提供实验和理论依据。

Lithium metal would be the optimal choice as an anode material for high-energy-density lithium metal based batteries owing to its ultra-high specific capacity and the lowest electrochemical potential of all. However, uncontrolled dendritic-lithium growth during cycling, the unstable electrode/electrolyte interface and the huge volume change of lithium anode severely prevent its practical applications in lithium metal batteries. Therefore, the design concept of this project is directed against the aforementioned main problems of lithium metal anode to reasonably synthesize special three dimensional (3D) porous Cu@Li2O-LiZn nanoparticle-assembled granular film with controllable thickness, composition and porosity as a stable scaffold layer for lithium anode through a self-developed plasma-gas-aggregation-type cluster beam deposition technique. The mechanism of the as-derived interfacial scaffold layer of lithium metal anode on the uniform lithium deposition without dendrite during cycling is investigated systematically, the influence of the artificial Li2O layer on the composition, structure and stability of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and its improvement on the Coulombic efficiency of lithium metal anode are studied in depth, and he effect of the thickness and pore structure of the 3D porous scaffold layer on the capacity of the deposited lithium and the structural stability of the electrode are discussed elaborately. After that, the application of the optimized lithium metal anode in lithium metal full batteries will be investigated, which will provide the experimental and theoretical foundations for lithium metal anode from the experimental study to the practical application.