中国MSM人群HIV的感染率从2007年的2%增长至目前的7%。海洛因等传统毒品滥用率下降，而苯丙胺类兴奋剂（ATS）的滥用率不断上升，增加了MSM人群高危性行为的发生。但目前国内MSM人群ATS滥用和其相关影响因素以及与HIV高危性行为的暴露-反应关系不明确。本研究以解释-探索序贯设计框架为基础，采用潜类别分析模型和多级结构方程模型探讨MSM人群ATS滥用和HIV感染的流行现状，从微观和宏观方面全面分析MSM人群ATS滥用的影响因素，揭示MSM人群ATS滥用与HIV高危性行为的暴露-反应关系，为有针对性地在MSM人群中开展HIV干预，开发系统的艾滋病预防管理策略，制订有效的公共卫生政策提供参考和建议。

The infection rate of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) has increased from 2% in 2007 to the current 7%. The abuse rate of traditional drugs such as heroin decreased, and the abuse rate of amphetamine type stimulants (ATS) has been rising, which increases the high-risk sexual behavior among MSM. However, ATS abuse and related risk factors among MSM, and their relationship between HIV high risk sexual behavior and exposure-response is not clear. This study aims to describe the status of ATS abuse and HIV infection among MSM, explore macro and micro factors of ATS abuse and reveal the exposure-response relationship between ATS abuse and HIV high risk sexual behavior among MSM by using explanatory-exploratory sequential design theory, latent class analysis and multilevel structural equation modeling. This study will provide references and suggestions for tailoring HIV intervention among MSM, developing HIV prevention and community management strategies, and make effective public health policies.