变压器油中添加纳米粒子对其冲击绝缘特性和放电过程中空间电荷分布的影响

提高变压器油冲击耐受电压可提升变压器油纸绝缘的冲击绝缘性能和变压器的过电压水平，从而降低变压器的制作成本。已有初步研究表明添加纳米粒子材料变压器油的冲击放电电压可得到大幅提高。因此，本项目通过搭建变压器油冲击试验平台和Kerr电光效应空间电荷测量平台，研究添加不同类型、不同尺度和不同质量配比的纳米粒子对变压器油冲击绝缘特性的影响规律，以获得纳米粒子对变压器油冲击绝缘特性影响的普适性规律；对比变压器油在添加不同纳米粒子材料时的冲击绝缘特性，获取最优配置方法和最优纳米粒子物理参数；研究冲击电压作用下的变压器油添加不同纳米粒子材料时的空间电荷分布规律，分析空间电荷对放电过程的影响机制，通过建立空间电荷影响下变压器油的微观放电模型，研究冲击电压下纳米颗粒在变压器油中对空间电荷产生、输运、消散过程的作用，及空间电荷对提高绝缘性能的影响机制，研究成果可为我国变压器制造技术和过电压防御技术提供理论参考。

With the improvement of the transformer oil withstanding performance of impulse voltage, the insulation characteristic and the breakdown voltage of transformer oil-paper insulation system can be enhanced, which cause the cost of transformer manufacture can be lowered. Earlier experimental works have shown that the impulse breakdown voltage of the transformer oil-based nanofluids can be improved. Therefore, in this project, based on the impulse breakdown tests and the Kerr eletro-optic space charge measurment techniques, the effects of different types of nanoparticals, different diameter and different mass ratio of nanoparticals on the impluse insulation characteristics of transformer oil are investigated. The universal effect of nanoparticls on the impluse insulation characteristics of transformer oil can be obtained. The optimal nanoparticals parameters and collocation method can be also gained by comparing the effects of different nanoparticles on the impluse insulation characteristics. Moreover, the space charge distribution principle under impulse voltage with different nanoparticles and space charge effect on discharge can be obtained by the optic-electro space charge measuremnt. By the establishment of the impluse discharge model of transformer oil-based nanofluid, the effect of nanoparticles on the space charge production, transportation and dissipation and the effect of space charge on the improvement of insulation performance can be investigated.The research achievements can lay a foundation for the transformer manufacture technique and overvoltage suppression technique.