吞噬型原生动物调控根际菌群防控番茄青枯病的机制研究

根际微生物组是多种微生物的复杂集合体，它们对植物健康至关重要。目前关于根际微生物与植物健康的研究主要集中在细菌和真菌，其作用机理相对比较清楚。原生动物是微生物的主要捕食者，作为植物健康根际微生物群落的重要组成部分，却经常被忽略。申请人前期从高通量扩增子和宏基因组数据分析发现，吞噬型原生动物可能通过直接抑制病原菌或者间接驱动关键微生物及其功能表达抑制病原菌来保持作物健康，但作用机制尚未阐明。本项目：首先通过盆栽试验筛选能够防控番茄青枯病的原生动物；随后从原生动物直接捕食以及胞外分泌物抑制病原菌的角度，验证原生动物防控青枯病的直接作用机制；最后结合扩增子和宏基因组功能数据分析，利用高通量分离培养鉴定原生动物所激发的能抑制病原菌的关键微生物并验证其抑菌功能。最终阐明原生动物防控番茄青枯病的作用机制，为田间防控青枯病及其他土传病害，提供重要的理论依据。

The plant rhizosphere microbiome is a complex assembly of diverse microorganisms that determine plant performance. The current researches of “rhizosphere microbiome and plant health” mainly focus on bacterial and fungal communities, and their functional contributions to plant health is relatively clear. Protozoa (predatory protists) are the main consumers of microorganisms. As an important part of the healthy plant rhizosphere microbial communities, but they are often overlooked. With high-throughput amplicon and functional metagenomic data analysis, the applicant found that protozoa might directly inhibit R. solanacearum pathogen or indirectly drive rhizosphere microbiome and their functions in restraining pathogen and further controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease, however the detailed mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In this project: firstly, we will select protozoa that can efficiently control tomato bacterial wilt disease through pot experiments; secondly, we will test the direct predation of protozoa on R. solanacearum pathogen, and also test whether extracellular secretion of protozoa can inhibit the pathogen; finally, with combining high-throughput amplicon and functional metagenomic data analysis, we will use high-throughput method to cultivate and identify the key microorganisms, stimulated by functional protozoa, which can inhibit R. solanacearum pathogen, and further verify their functionality in pathogen inhibition. Overall, we will clarify the mechanism of protozoa in controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease, and provide an important theoretical basis to control bacterial wilt and other soil-borne diseases in the field.