石墨与金刚石相互转变间新型碳同素异形体的截获及碳/碳自身复合材料的合成

新型碳材料的合成一直是科学研究的热点。其中人们对于石墨向金刚石转变的微观机制尚不清晰，石墨转变成金刚石之前是否存在其他碳同素异形体至今无统一的看法。据此，我们拟采用高温高压手段开展对石墨与金刚石相互转变间新型碳同素异形体的截获研究，探索制备高性能碳/碳自身复合材料的方法。本项目将研究石墨与金刚石在不同高温高压处理条件下组织结构的演化规律，阐明材料中各相体积含量和微观组织结构对材料性能之间的关系，实现碳材料组织结构和性能的高压调控。本项目的研究将有助于理解石墨变金刚石的微观机理，为这一由来已久的科学问题提供重要的实验依据；同时为开发高性能碳/碳自身复合材料奠定基础。

The synthesis of new carbon materials has always been a research focus. However, the microscopic mechanism that explains the transformation from graphite to diamond remains unclear. So far, researchers have not reached a consensus on whether there are other allotropes of carbon before graphite is transformed into diamond. In this context, it is intended to intercept and capture new carbon allotropes during the transformation between graphite and diamond by taking high-temperature and high-pressure measures, with a view to discovering the methods for preparing high performance carbon-carbon composites. This project will investigate how the microstructure of graphite and diamond evolves in different high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, clarify the correlation of volume content of each phase and microstructure to material properties, and make it possible to regulate the microstructure and properties of carbon materials at high pressure. The findings will assist in understanding the microscopic mechanism that explains the transformation from graphite to diamond, and provide important experimental evidence for solving the long-standing problem above. Meanwhile, they will also lay a foundation for developing high performance carbon-carbon composites.