傅里叶红外光谱仪对CO2和臭氧耗损物质CFC等气体柱浓度的观测反演及应用

中国对过量的CO2等温室气体和损耗臭氧的氟氯烃类化合物的排放有没有责任？CO2浓度观测卫星数据产品如何验证？全球CO2等温室气体含量及其气候效应到底严重到什么程度？自从蒙特利尔公约签订以来损耗大气臭氧的人造氟利昂物质有没有按计划减排，大气臭氧层有没有按预定进程恢复？要回答这些重要问题，离不开先进傅里叶红外高光谱观测技术的支撑和准确的观测数据。本项目拟利用世界上最先进的傅里叶红外光谱仪，在华北地区典型观测站中国科学院香河大气综合观测试验站开展长期规范的高分辨率太阳直射辐射光谱的自动观测，建立先进的温室气体（CO2、CH4等）和氟氯烃类化合物的反演算法，累积高质量观测反演数据集，给出损耗臭氧的氟氯烃类化合物排放及其变化和臭氧层恢复进程的中国评估结果，评估我国CO2浓度观测卫星的数据质量，为中国环境外交提供科技支撑。推动我国大气成分变化观测和气候变化研究，扩大中国科学家在国际同行中的话语权。

Is China responsible for the excessive emission of CO2 and CFCs? How to validate the satellite measured CO2 concentration data products? What is the significance of the global warming due to the increasing CO2 emission into the atmosphere? Is the emission of the ozone-depleting anthropogenic CFCs reduced as required by “Montreal Protocol (1987)” and is the atmospheric ozone layer recovered toward the normal as projected? To answer these significant questions, accurate observational data and the start-of-the-art technologies of FTIR are imperative. This proposal will deploy a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTI) in well-equipped Xiange Station of Northern China and automatically carry out long-term measurement for high-resolution solar infrared spectra. Multiple retrieval algorithms for different greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane will be developed. The high quality data will be archived for public use. The observation of solar spectra in mid-IR and thermal IR wavelength bands and retrieval of ozone-depleting anthropogenic gases such as CFCs will also be carried out, giving an impartial report completed by Chinese scientists to the emission of the ozone-depleting anthropogenic CFCs and their change and ozone layer recovering process, validating the satellite measured CO2 concentration data products, and providing scientific support to the environmental diplomacy of China. It will promote the research in the fields of the detection of atmospheric composition change and climate change, and extend the impact of Chinese scientists in science communities.