目前，泌尿系统结石疾病折磨着数以千万计的人，但其发病机制尚未完全阐明，其预测诊断和治疗也对医务工作者和研究人员提出一定的挑战。生物体液样品的检测具有极其重要的生物学和医学意义，是分析科学和医学检验领域的热点之一。但由于生物样品复杂的基体和极低的含量，常常是研究中的难点和关键问题。本课题拟通过元素质谱及生物质谱技术进行生物样品的多组分分析，旨在建立具有系统性、规范性、敏感性和特异性的生物样品化学成分检测方法，研究并建立较为完善的具有质量控制的批量测定方案，找出与泌尿系结石症相关的一组具有无机元素、代谢物小分子、多肽、蛋白质等有机大分子特征的致病因子，为标志物的临床应用做好前期的筛选工作。本课题的重点是具有结石症特异性的生物标志物的检测，难点在于建立针对低含量物质的高灵敏度检测方法，同时建立可靠的批量检测方法并应用于疾病诊断和预测。

Currently, urinary lithiasis afflicts tens of millions of people, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood, and the early prediction and diagnosis are still challenging for researchers. In analytical chemistry, detection of biological fluids has great significance for biology and medicine. However, it remains difficult due to their complexity of the biological sample matrices and extremely low concentration. This study will focus on multicomponent analyses of biological samples by elemental mass spectrometry and biological mass spectrometry technology, aiming at establishing a systematic , standard, sensitive and specific methods for detection of the chemical composition of biological samples. Meanwhile, this comprehensive measurement program has a batch quality control to identify a group of pathogenic factors, which contain elemental, metabonomic, peptidomic and proteomic information. Therefore, this study has practical and medical implications for clinical application of early marker screening. This research focuses on the detection of molecular biomarkers, whose difficulty lies in the establishment of high sensitivity detection method for low levels of substances, while establishing a reliable method for batch testing to apply for disease diagnosis and prediction.