不饱和聚酯（UPR）存在较高的易燃性，且燃烧过程中释放大量热量和有毒烟气，因此需要对其进行阻燃和抑烟改性，而当前UPR的研究以阻燃改性为主。本项目针对UPR抑烟改性研究的不足和烟气毒性评价的局限，设计合成纳米MoO3、有机磷改性的阻燃、抑烟双功能化石墨烯及耐热反应型阻燃单体，制备低烟、低毒的阻燃UPR/功能化石墨烯纳米复合材料。通过研究不同结构的阻燃单体、功能化石墨烯，对材料阻燃、燃烧和力学性能的影响，建立材料宏观性能与微观结构间的构效关系；发展稳态管式炉试验平台，通过调控燃烧温度和氧气消耗，模拟材料燃烧发展的不同阶段，重点研究纳米MoO3、功能化石墨烯、阻燃单体，对材料燃烧不同阶段烟气生成规律及毒性的影响，结合对材料热分解及燃烧过程中气相、凝聚相产物组成、结构及生成规律的研究，揭示材料阻燃、抑烟减毒的机理，为制备低烟、低毒的阻燃UPR纳米复合材料提供理论依据和实验基础。

Unsaturated polyester resin has very poor resistance to fire and high release of heat and toxic gases smoke yielding from combustion, which needs to be modified by flame retardancy and smoke suppression. Aiming at overcome the current shortcomings of the present study of smoke suppression modification for UPR, and the limitation of the smoke toxicity assessment, nano-MoO3 and organic phosphorus dual functional modified graphene and some heat resistant, reactive-type flame retardant monomers are synthesized and incorporated into UPR. Through optimizing the experimental conditions, flame retardant UPR/functionalized graphene nanocomposites with excellent fire resistance and low toxic gases and smoke are obtained. The effect of flame retardant monomers and functionalized graphene on the flame retardant, combustion and mechanical properties of UPR nanocomposites is investigated to establish the internal relationship between the micro-structure and macro-performance. Thereafter, the fire risk of UPR nanocomposites are evaluated through simulating the different stages of combustion development under the control of combustion temperature and oxygen concentration based on the steady-state tube furnace toxicity test platform. Moreover, investigating the influence of nano-MoO3, functionalized graphene and flame retardant monomer on the production law and toxicity of smoke in different combustion stages combined with the study on the variation of the composition and structure，formation mechanism of the gas and condensed phase products in the process of pyrolysis and combustion of UPR nanocomposites, in order to reveal flame retardant, smoke suppression and reduced toxicity mechanism. The implementation of this project will pave the way for the theoretical and experimental basics for the design and preparation of flame retardant UPR nanocomposites with the outstanding flame retardancy, low toxicity and low smoke density.