水下传感网络是未来海洋立体环境监测的重要手段和工具，对其进行研究具有重要的科学、经济和军事意义。然而，传感器网络天生的网络架构造成的能量空洞问题是制约水下传感网工作寿命的最大瓶颈，长期未能得到有效解决，严重影响着水下传感器网络的部署与应用。本项目基于缆索锚定型水下传感网应用场景，提出基于锚定装置控制缆索伸缩以实现感知节点零能耗位置轮换，研究高效实用的能量空洞避免机制及其关键技术。具体研究内容包括（1）三维动态水下传感网能量空洞演化过程、规律与现象；（2）基于节点位置零能耗轮换的能量空洞避免机制和算法；（3）面向节点轮换的网络连通性维持与拓扑重构技术；（4）构建能耗演化仿真与空洞避免技术验证平台。本项目突破传统无线传感网架构的束缚，有望从根源上避免水下传感网的能量空洞现象，为其长时效部署和应用提供理论基础与技术保证。

Underwater sensor networks is an important means and tool for the future marine environment surveillance, and it is great scientific, economic and military significance to study it. However, the energy hole problem caused by the inherent network architecture of sensor networks is the biggest bottleneck that restricts the lifetime of underwater sensor networks. It has not been effectively solved in the long term, and thus seriously affects the deployment and application of underwater sensor network. Based on the application scenario of cable anchored underwater sensor network, this project proposes to control node position rotation with zero energy consumption by cable expansion implemented on anchoring device, so as to study efficient and practical energy hole avoidance mechanism and its key technologies. The research contents include (1) Evolution pattern and process of energy holes in three-dimensional dynamic underwater sensor network; (2) Energy holes avoidance mechanism and algorithms based on the node rotation with zero energy consuming consumption; (3) Network connectivity maintenance and topology reconstruction oriented to node rotation; (4) Building the verification platform for energy holes evolution and holes avoidance technology. This project breaks through the bondage of traditional network architecture, and is expected to fix the energy hole problem of underwater sensor network from the root, and provide theoretical basis and technical guarantee for its long time deployment and application.