乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族新生儿低出生体重（LBW）发生率远高于汉族，而影响低出生体重传统因素两民族并无差别。多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）暴露对出生体重影响引起国内外关注。前期证明PBDEs通过孕烷受体（PXR）发挥甲状腺激素（TH）毒性，而TH减低与LBW相关。人类PBDEs暴露途径主要通过室内灰尘和空气。室内电器、计算机尤其地毯广泛使用使维吾尔族孕妇有较高的PBDEs暴露水平。为阐明孕期PBDEs暴露对维吾尔族LBW的作用，本研究拟对乌鲁木齐市儿童医院、妇幼保健院、新疆民族医院低出生体重孕妇和正常出生体重孕妇各300例进行1:1配对病例对照研究，对研究对象体内PBDEs暴露水平、PBDEs毒性通道上PXR受体及下游与TH代谢相关酶活性、甲状腺激素水平以及LBW相关基因多态性进行分析，阐明PBDEs在LBW中的作用，并结合流行病学调查为PBDEs对LBW影响机制做初步探索，为LBW早期防治提供依据。

The incidence of accident of low birth weight of Uygur nationality is higher than Han,but there are different in the traditional factors influencing LBW between them. The effect of the exposure to PBDEs on LBW has caused concern.Our studies have proved toxicity of BDE-47 on the thyroid hormone system which is related with the LBW mediated by the Pregnane X Receptor.The exposure to to PBDEs for human is through dust or air indoor.The use of electrical equipment such as computer,television,especially carpet may make the Uygur pregnant woman in a higher exposure.In order to clarify the effects of PBDEs to Uygur LBW, the 1:1 matched case-control study will be conducted to research and the controls will be matched with cases by hospital, sex, area and the birth time within a week.The circumstance influencing factors for LBW being collected by the questionnaire survey and the genetic factors by PCR-PFLR with the PBDEs levels of mother′s and umbilic blood,we want to knonw the action of PBDEs to LBW and the possible mechanism to offer the evidences for the prevention and cure of LBW.