低品位含钒资源高效利用的物理化学研究

石煤是我国丰富的含钒资源，已探明石煤中钒储量以V2O5计算占我国V2O5总储量的87%，是钒钛磁铁矿V2O5储量的6.7倍。目前的石煤提钒工艺中，需经氧化焙烧将石煤中难以浸出的V3+氧化为容易浸出的V4+、V5+，但石煤中的黄铁矿和碳会抑制V3+的氧化，导致钒浸出率低。另外，由于石煤中钒分布分散，物理选矿方法无法有效富集含钒相，导致浸出过程中的无益酸耗、及严重的环境污染。. 针对上述问题，本项目拟利用石煤中的碳为还原剂，通过石煤的高温自还原改变钒的赋存状态、实现钒的富集和高效提取。通过动态原位手段与精细的静态分析方法相结合，揭示自还原过程中石煤的物相结构与组成演变规律，明晰钒、碳间的相互作用机理及钒在自还原过程中物理化学行为。最终明晰石煤自还原过程中，钒及其他有价其他元素的迁移、富集与分布规律，为石煤的清洁高效利用设计新的技术方向，并提供相关的理论依据。

Stone coal is a kind of abundant vanadium mineral resource in China, its reserve in terms of V2O5 accounts for 87% of China's total reserve of V2O5, i.e. 6.7 times of V2O5 reserved in vanadium titanium magnetite. At present, to leach the vanadium in stone coal, the V3+ existed in stone coal need to be oxidized into V4+ or V5+ by roasting firstly. But the pyrite and carbon in stone coal go against the oxidation of V3+, and lead to the low leaching rate of vanadium. In addition, due to the scattered distribution of vanadium in stone coal, the physical separation methods cannot effectively concentrate vanadium phase, leading to the useless acid consumption in the process of leaching, and serious environmental pollutions.. In view of the above problems, the stone coal is proposed to be reduced by using the carbon in the stone coal as the reductant in the present project. In the self-reduction process, the occurrence state of vanadium in stone coal will be changed and the vanadium will enrich in the phases that easy to be separated. Consequently, the following investigations will be carried out. The evolution of structures and compositions of the phases in stone coal will be revealed by combining the dynamic in situ means and fine static analysis methods, and the interaction mechanism between vanadium and carbon and the physical-chemical behaviors of vanadium during the self-reduction process will also clarified. Finally, the rules concerning the migration, enrichment and distribution of vanadium and other elements during the self-reduction process will be elucidated, and new technical directions for the clean utilization of stone coal will be designed, as well as the related theoretical basis will also be provided.