功能性氨基酸调控奶牛胰腺酶表达和分泌的信号传导网络

过瘤胃淀粉的小肠消化率很低（仅35%-60%），极大制约了高产反刍动物的生产效率，这是悬而未解的科学问题,其关键原因是胰腺α-淀粉酶分泌不足。基于本团队已完成的国家青年自然科学基金项目（31001021）的研究结果，申请者提出假设："功能性氨基酸通过调节靶分子激活mTOR信号通路，实现对反刍动物胰腺酶表达和分泌的调控"。项目将采用本团队已建立的奶牛胰腺组织和细胞培养方法，研究五种功能性氨基酸（亮氨酸，异亮氨酸，缬氨酸，色氨酸，苯丙氨酸）对奶牛胰腺酶表达与分泌及其信号通路中关键分子的影响规律，建立功能性氨基酸调控奶牛胰腺酶表达的信号网络，确定刺激胰腺酶表达和分泌的功能性氨基酸最适组成模式及有效剂量，为最终改善反刍动物饲料能量利用率提供理论依据。

As one of the unresolved problems, low starch digestibility in the small intestine of ruminants (35%-60%) significantly limits the production efficiency, and the lack of α-amylase secretion has been considered one of the main reasons. Based on the results of our previous project "National Youth Science Fund" (31001021), we put forward a hypothesis that functional amino acids modulated the expression and secretion of pancreatic enzymes via the mTOR signal pathway by reacting with target molecules. Thus, using the methods of tissue and cell culture of dairy cow pancreas which have been established by our group, this project aims to study the effects of functional amino acids (Leu, Ile, Val, Phe and Trp) on the expression and secretion of pancreatic enzymes as well as the expression of the main signal factors in the regulatory pathway, establish the signaling network of functional amino acids on the expression of pancreatic enzymes, and determine the optimal combination model and effective stimulating doses, thereby provide theoretical basis for the improvement of feed efficiency for ruminants.