基于指甲在体EPR测量的核应急事故剂量评估方法

评估伤员受照剂量是核应急医学救治的重要前提，指甲电子顺磁共振（EPR）测量具有简单、快速、可现场实现辐射剂量评估的优势，但指甲剪切会在EPR波谱中诱发显著的干扰信号（MIS）且难以与辐射诱发信号（RIS）分离，在体测量方法无需指甲剪切从而可避免MIS的产生，有可能显著改善辐射剂量评估的范围和精度。本项目以实现在体EPR测量最关键的微波谐振腔为突破点，研制新型的具有窄缝式样品检测口的专用微波谐振腔，并以此为基础建立指甲在体EPR测量新方法。然后利用该方法开展指甲在体EPR测量实验，获得无剪切诱发信号（MIS）干扰的指甲EPR波谱，研究其辐射诱发信号（RIS）的剂量学特性，最终建立基于指甲在体EPR测量的核应急事故剂量重建方法。

The dosimetry is an important prerequisite for nuclear emergency medical treatment after nuclear accident. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimetry of nails has the advantages in simplicity, measurement speed and on-site implementation, but the cutting process of the nails can introduce strong interference signal in the EPR spectra which is called mechanically induced signal (MIS) and it is difficult to distinguish from the radiation-induced signal (RIS). The in-vivo measurement of nails avoids the generation of MIS, and is expected to improve the dose range and accuracy of the dosimetry. In order to meet the key needs of in-vivo measurement, this project plans to develop a new type of microwave resonant cavity with narrow slit for sample detection, and establish a new method of in-vivo EPR nail based on the cavity.Then, the in vivo EPR method is used to measure the nails after irradiation with different doses, and the EPR spectra of the nails without mechanically induced signal are obtained. The dosimetric characteristics of the radiation induced signal are studied. And this project aims finally to establish a dose reconstruction method based on in-vivo nail EPR measurement in the nuclear accident.