传统村落是中华优秀传统文化的重要载体，也是优质的文化旅游资源，在近年来的旅游发展中，这类微观尺度、高度人工化的社会生态系统正面临生态环境和传统文化保护的巨大挑战。本项目主要拟基于传统村落社会生态系统的内涵、结构、演进以及外部因子扰动的作用机理，结合对安徽、江苏、湖南、云南等地典型案例的深入调研，深度剖析旅游活动影响传统村落社会生态系统的主要路径以及传统村落社会生态系统各类要素（特别是各类社会组织和人）对旅游影响的响应机制，同时，比较分析不同旅游发展模式和不同地方的传统村落可能的差异性影响。在此基础上，拟通过指标体系的综合评价，科学诊断我国传统村落在旅游发展中遭遇的关键性挑战，探究科学、合理、可行的传统村落旅游优化发展的路径和策略。这不仅能促成社会生态系统理论在微观尺度地域人地关系系统研究中的应用，也能为加快形成传统村落传承保护与旅游业健康发展之间的良性互动关系提供有益的借鉴。

Traditional village is an important carrier of excellent traditional Chinese culture, but also a kind of high-quality cultural tourism resources. With the development of the tourism in recent years, such micro and highly artificial social ecosystem is facing enormous challenges by the protection of nature environment and traditional culture. This research plans to analyze how travel actives affect the evolution of social ecosystem in traditional villages and various elements’ reaction (especially the various social organizations and people), which is based on the study on connotation, structure, evolution and external factors perturbation’s action of traditional villages’ social ecosystem and the fieldwork in typical traditional villages in Anhui, Jiangsu, Hunan, Yunnan. Meanwhile, this research analyzes the possible differences in diverse tourism development patterns as well as the traditional villages in different places. Then by comprehensive evaluation, our research will scientifically study the key challenges to Chinese traditional villages in tourism development and put forward some scientific, reasonable and feasible strategies to improve tourism. This can contribute to the application of the social ecosystem theory in the micro man-earth system, and provides a useful reference to form a benign interaction relationship between the traditional village heritage protection and healthy tourism development.