泥蜂隶属膜翅目蜜蜂总科泥蜂科，种类多、分布广，是一类个体最大的捕猎性大蜂类昆虫，生性凶猛，类似高等动物中的一群“老虎、狮子”，对生态环境变化的反映极其敏感，自然环境略遭污染或破坏则许多泥蜂种类消失，环境恢复则泥蜂再度出现。另外，泥蜂进化出独特而复杂的生物学特性及生态环境适应性，对害虫起到直接自然控制作用，具有重要的生态功能。目前国际上尚无泥蜂物种多样性与生态环境关系方面的研究报道。本项目立足于云南西双版纳得天独厚的地理环境和生物多样性资源优势，在前期研究基础上，系统开展泥蜂物种多样性在不同生态环境中本质差异和演化规律及其影响的关键生态因子、主要种群生物学特性和生态学特征、生态环境适应性等系列研究，探索泥蜂作为生态环境恢复质量指示物的作用和方法以及濒危泥蜂物种保护措施，符合生态文明建设与发展的国家需求，符合害虫生态治理及保护生物学等学科发展方向，体现了重要的研究价值和实践意义。

The natural enemy sphecid wasp belongs to Sphecidae of Apoidea. Most of its species have large body and some are the largest predatory wasps, which also have the large population and wide distribution. The sphecid wasps are very ferocious as predators and very sensitive to the changes of ecological environment, just like the “tiger” and “lion” in higher animal. While the natural environment is slightly contaminated or destroyed, many wasp species disappear; otherwise the species reemerge again along with the environmental restoration. In addition, in the long history evolution, the sphecid wasps evolved the special and complicated biological characteristics and surroundings adaptability, and took direct effect on the pest population control with important ecological function. At present, no report about the relationship between the change of species diversity of Sphecidae and the ecological environment is presented in the world. Basing on the superiority of advantaged geographical environment and biological resources in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province as well as the preliminary research basis, The research content and object of this project are: systemic research on the essence difference and evolutionary mechanisms of wasp species diversity in the different ecological environment, key ecological factor affecting the essence difference, biological characteristics and ecological characteristic of the wasp population, and wasp surrounding adaptability, and so on, and to explore the function and method of sphecid wasp as indicators of eco-environment quality and recovery degree, as well as to propose the protection measures of the endangered species. This project has the important theory value and practice significance in meeting the national needs of the construction and development of ecological civilization, and disciplinary development direction of the pest ecological control and conservation biology.