由于品种特性原因，我国的传统特色梨品种'库尔勒香梨'，常易形成大量萼片宿存的"宿萼果"，其外观及内在品质严重下降，远不及"脱萼果"。在对水果品质要求日益提高的市场环境下，这种特性已然对梨生产的经济效益造成了不良影响，成为梨产业可持续发展的瓶颈之一。在已开展形态解剖、生理机制、基因表达谱研究的基础上，本研究以宿萼严重的'库尔勒香梨'为材料，采用脱萼专利技术进行宿/脱萼处理，进一步对前期基因表达谱数据进行分析，筛选宿\脱萼果转录水平表达差异基因；同时应用 iTRAQ 及LC?MS/MS 分析技术比较宿\脱萼果蛋白差异表达谱；通过基因及蛋白差异表达谱的关联分析、基因注释、表达模式和相关代谢通路分析，鉴定控制萼片发育的关键基因，并通过转基因功能验证、时空响应模式、蛋白互作及亚细胞定位研究，阐明相关基因参与萼片宿存与脱落的代谢途径及其功能，为实现梨果实性状的定向遗传改良提供基因资源。

Fruit quality is becoming more and more attractive, and it is always the key factor of fruit value. However, the typic Chinese pear 'Kuerlexiangli' always produces a mass of fruit with calyx,which shows worse quality, compared with the fruit without calyx. Obviously, this characteristic has brought negative effect on economic benefit of pear production, and inhibit the sustainable development of pear industry. Basing on our previous morphological, physiological and RNA-Seq research on this phenomenon, in this study, 'Kuerlexiangli', the variety possess high rate of calyx survival should be treated with our own technique to produce fruit with ans without calyx,and be as research meterial. Data from RNA-Seq will be further analyze,and iTRAQ coupled with LC?MS/MS technique will also enployed to screen protein profiles. Besides, analysis on differential expression of transcriptome , proteome, as well as gene annotation, expression pattern, related metabolism pathway will be further performed to confirm differentially expressed genes and their involvement in metabolism pathway, to screen critical genes that control calyx development in pear fruit. Meanwhile, transgenic plants for gene function validation, responding mode of spatio-temporal, protein-protein interactions, subcellular location of candidate genes will be also employed to investigate the molecular mechanism of pear fruit calyx development. Results from this study will provide a important scientific basis for regulating fruit quality as well as provide gene source for realizing directional improvement fructification characters of pear.