微生物注浆加固渗流场作用下的尾矿坝试验及机理研究

微生物注浆加固技术用于尾矿坝治理，具有重大的经济、社会和环境效益。由于渗流作用是导致尾矿坝溃坝的主要原因之一，本项目基于水力耦合与细颗粒作用下尾矿固结机理及相似模型试验原理，建立渗流场作用下的尾矿坝模型试验系统，以巴氏芽孢杆菌为优势菌种，开展微生物注浆在渗流场作用下的尾矿坝固结试验及机理研究。通过室内小尺寸试验研究主控因素对尾矿砂力学性能的影响，以及微生物注浆原料在尾矿坝砂土中输送及固定的机理；通过大尺寸现场模型试验研究微生物浆液及渗流场共同作用下的尾矿介质沉积规律、固结过程、物理力学特性及数学模型；采用理论分析和数值计算相结合的方法，同步进行计算机模拟仿真试验，对尾矿坝固结及变形过程进行数值模拟分析，进一步验证该技术在尾矿坝加固方面的可行性。在此基础上，提出一套适用于尾矿颗粒介质特性的微生物加固方法，为研究高效环保节能的尾矿坝加固减灾技术提供一定理论支撑及应用基础。

The application of microbial grouting reinforcement technology to tailing dams has significant economic, social, and environmental benefits.As the seepage effect is one of the main reasons for the tailings dam failure, this project is based on the mechanism of tailings consolidation and similar model tests under the action of hydraulic coupling and fine particles, and establishes a tailings dam model test system under the action of seepage field.Taking Bacillus bacillus as the dominant species, the consolidation experiment and mechanism of tailings dam with microbiological grouting under seepage field were studied.The influence of main control factors on the mechanical properties of the tailings and the mechanism of transport and fixation of the microbial grouting materials in the tailings dam's sand were studied through small-scale indoor experiments.The large-scale field model test was used to study the tailings media deposition rule, consolidation process, physical and mechanical properties and mathematical model under the combined effects of microbial slurry and seepage field.Using a combination of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, a computer simulation simulation test was conducted simultaneously to simulate and analyze the consolidation and deformation process of the tailings dam, to further verify the feasibility of the technology in the reinforcement of the tailings dam.On this basis, a set of microbiological reinforcement methods suitable for the characteristics of tailings granular media is proposed, which provides a theoretical support and application basis for the research on high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving tailing dam reinforcement and mitigation technologies.