醚基功能化氨基酸离子液体及其溶液的摩尔表面自由能和粘滞流动性质研究

合成20种新型醚基功能化氨基酸离子液体(EFAALs)，测定其蒸发焓、表面张力、密度、热容和折射率等，利用提出的离子液体蒸发焓模型和摩尔表面自由能新函数，将上述性质联系起来并推导出新的Eotvos方程、新标度下的离子液体极性和其他热力学性质。本项目提出利用超热力学假设将摩尔表面自由能拆分成正、负离子的贡献，进而利用离子的摩尔表面自由能预测已知或未知离子液体的热力学性质。测定EFAALs的粘度并与相应的氨基酸离子液体比较，显示醚基降低粘度的作用；测定EFAALs溶液的粘度，利用稀溶液数据确定粘度B系数和粘滞流动活化自由能；利用较浓溶液的粘度数据，确定溶液的粘滞流动超额活化自由能及其与组成之间的关系，据此提出一个能够很好预测溶液粘度的半经验方法，并且可将它推广至混合电解质溶液。因此，本项目合成的新型EFAALs以及测得的基础数据，还有提出的理论模型和半经验方法，都具有较大学术意义和实用价值。

20 new ether based functionalized amino acid ionic liquids (EFAALs) will be synthesized and their evaporation enthalpy, surface tension, density, viscosity, and refractive index will be measured in the temperature range from 283.15 to 338.15 K. Using the ionic liquid evaporation model and the new function of molar surface free energy which are proposed by us the above-mentioned properties can be connected with each other and derivate new Eӧtvӧs equation, ionic liquid polarities under the new scale and other thermodynamic properties. The values of molar surface free energy g can be divided into molar surface free energy of cation and anion, g(ion), by using the extrathermodynamic assumption. Then, g(ion) can be used to predict the thermodynamic properties of known or unknown ionic liquids. To determine the viscosity of EFAALs, and compared with the viscosity of relating amino acid ionic liquids, it shows that the ether group can reduce the viscosity. Using the viscosity of solutions of EFAALs, the viscosity B coefficients and viscous flow activation energy can be determined. Applying the viscosity of concentrated solution, viscous flow of excess activation free energy and its relationship with composition can be determined. Thus a good semi-empirical method will be used to predict the viscosity of solution well. Furthermore a semi-empirical method can be expanded to be used by mixed electrolyte solution. Hence the experimental data, theoretical model and semi-empirical method of the new synthetic EFAALs have great academic significance and practical value.