无序风场中涡流对多元素翼型帆升力的作用机理研究

风帆助航技术能节约10%—30%的船舶燃油消耗，但翼帆的失速角小及最大升力不足制约了其节能效率的提高。针对翼帆在无序风场中的失速及形态被动变化问题，项目拟利用吸力面涡能改变翼帆表面流场及升力的特性，使用转捩湍流模型和粒子图像测速法（PIV）对涡绕翼帆表面流动展开研究，获得吸力面涡的产生、演化及消失的特性，明确涡的强度与失速角及最大升力提升之间的关系，探索涡与多元素翼帆缝隙耦合作用下吸力面流场及压力场的变化规律，揭示吸力面涡对多元素翼帆的失速推迟及升力提升的机理。在此基础上，提出利用涡发生器制造可控涡对翼帆表面流场进行动态干预的方案，以翼帆的运动参数、涡发生器的几何、位置及运动参数为变量建立翼帆升力数学模型，并利用约束模型方法和傅里叶积分方法计算其流体动力系数。研究结果不但能为翼帆的设计提供理论依据，也能对海上风机的性能研究提供参考。

The sail aided technology can save 10%-30% of ship fuel consumption, but the small stall angle and insufficient maximum lift of the wing sail restrict the improvement of energy saving. Stall and shape changed passively take place when the wing sail operated in the disordered wind field. Vortex is capable of changing the flow field of the suction surface and the characteristics of the lift. The project intends to use transition turbulence model and the method of particle image velocimetry (PIV) to study the vortex flow around the wing surface. The formation, evolution and disappearance of features of vortex will be obtained. The relationship between vortex strength, stall Angle and maximum lift will be defined. Variation of flow field and pressure field on suction surface under the coupling action of vortex and multi-element wing-sail gap will be investigated to reveal the mechanism of delay of stall and lift enhancement of multi-element wing sail caused by suction surface vortexes. Based on this, using vortex manufactured by Mechanism of delay of stall and lift of multielement wing sail caused by suction surface vortexes to disturb the flow field on the wing surface dynamically. A mathematical model of motion-lift will be established based on the movement parameters of the wing, the geometry, location and the movement parameters of the vortex generator. In order to amend the mathematical model of motion-lift, the hydrodynamic coefficients are analyzed by constraint model method and Fourier-integral method. The research results can not only provide a theoretical basis for the design of the wing sail, but also provide a reference for the performance research of the offshore fan.