结合短程硝化和厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)的新型全自养脱氮工艺（CANON）因其经济、高效和低耗的优点日益受到国际社会的广泛关注，常用于高氨氮低C/N废水的处理。然而，CANON工艺具有启动周期长、生物产率低、运行性能易受运行条件制约等缺点，尤其是新型生物膜CANON工艺更是存在菌群不平衡、生物膜形成时间长、脱氮性能需进一步强化等问题。项目在序批式和连续流CANON反应器中研究不同种类和水平螯合态及游离态铁对工艺生物膜形成及适应模式、结构特征和过程特性的影响，通过分析系统功能菌群、探索铁元素的迁移转化规律及其在生物膜中的存在形态及分布特征，阐明不同价态铁元素诱导生物膜形成与适应模式及其与脱氮性能的定量关系，揭示CANON工艺系统生物膜及功能菌群对不同价态铁的适应机制及脱氮机理，并提出基于铁元素价态调控的工艺脱氮性能强化策略，为生物膜CANON系统高效运行和工业化应用提供技术支撑。

Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process combining shortcut nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) in one reactor has the advantages of economical efficiency, high operation efficiency and low energy cost. Nowadays, this process has been paid more attention to international society and been widely used to treat the wastewater with higher ammonia nitrogen and lower C/N ratio. However, the operation of CANON process is restricted by its disadvantages of long-term startup period, low biomass yield and more sensitive to operation conditions. Especially, the innovative biofilm CANON process has the weaknesses including bacteria imbalance, longer biofilm formation time and limited nitrogen removal performance. In this project, the sequencing batch reactors and continuous flow reactors will be used to study the structure, formation and adaption mode with process characteristics of biofilm under various operation conditions with different valence chelating and free irons. The formation and adaption mode of biofilm induced by different irons and its interaction relationship with nitrogen removal performance were explored by analyzing the functional bacteria, migration and transformation characteristics of iron elements with their existing forms and distribution in biofilm. And the adaptation mechanisms of biofilm and functional microorganisms to iron with different valences and the mechanisms of nitrogen removal in CANON systems will be revealed. According to the discovery, the performance enhancement strategies for nitrogen removal based on the adjustment of iron valences will be put forward, which providing the technical support for high-efficient operation and industrialization of biofilm CANON process.