信号分子AI-2对厌氧氨氧化菌颗粒化过程的调控机理与控制策略

厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）工艺因其高效低耗的优势，应用前景广阔。目前，限制其推广应用的主要瓶颈在于Anammox菌生长速率缓慢以及对环境条件敏感所导致的工艺启动时间长，且运行不稳定。利用Anammox菌易于团聚的特点，促进其颗粒化是解决这一问题的有效途径之一。群体感应（QS）作为一种细胞信号传导机制，已被证实参与生物膜的形成。那么，QS是否在Anammox菌颗粒化过程中起调控作用？我们前期研究显示，第二类信号分子（AI-2）广泛存在于Anammox反应器中。基于此，本项目拟以AI-2为切入点，通过基于高通量测序的多组学联合分析，揭示AI-2介导QS在Anammox菌颗粒化过程中的调控作用及分子机理；进一步考察AI-2活化因子（硼）对Anammox菌颗粒化过程的影响，并构建加硼促进Anammox颗粒污泥形成的控制策略，为解决Anammox反应器“启动慢，运行难”问题提供理论指导与技术支持。

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) has broad application prospects due to its high efficiency and low energy consumption. However, the slow growth rate and sensitivity to environmental conditions of Anammox bacteria make Anammox reactors face “slow startup, hard run” problems, which restricts the application of Anammox process. Taking advantage of aggregation of Anammox biomass to make them granulated is an effective solution to this problem. As a cell signal transducing system, quorum sensing (QS) has been proved to be involved in the formation of biofilm. Then, does QS play an important role in the granulation of Anammox bacteria? Our previous studies have shown that Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) exists extensively within Anammox reactors. This project plans to reveal the regulatory effects and molecular mechanism of AI-2 mediated QS on the granulation of Anammox bacteria using high-throughput sequencing and multi-omics analysis. Further, the effects of AI-2 activating factor (Boron) on the granulation of Anammox bacteria will be investigated, and the control strategy by adding boron into the reactor will be developed to promote the formation of Anammox granules. The results will provide theoretical guidance and technical support to solve the “slow startup, hard run” problems of Anammox reactor.