大黄附子汤是《金匮要略》中温下的代表方，近年一些国内学者用该方加减治疗慢性肾功能不全、尿毒症、糖尿病肾病等，取得一定疗效。我们的前期体内研究发现，大黄附子汤能通过调控JNK/Bcl-2信号通路缓解腺嘌呤诱导的肾损伤大鼠模型的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡。本研究拟通过"以药测证"和对肾阳虚证物质基础的研究，证实大黄附子汤为治疗慢性肾脏病的温下方；通过Akt质粒和Akt抑制剂对肾小管上皮细胞干预的体外研究、Akt质粒和Akt-siRNA质粒对肾损伤大鼠尾静脉注射的体内研究，观察PI3K/Akt信号通路在肾小管上皮细胞凋亡中的作用；以及大黄附子汤干预后的体内、外研究，观察大黄附子汤通过调控PI3K/Akt信号通路对肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的影响。进一步阐明大黄附子汤治疗慢性肾脏病的作用机理，为慢性肾脏病的有效防治提供科学依据。

Dahuangfuzi Decoction (DFD) is one of the representatives in Synopsis of Golden Chamber. In recent years, several Chinese scholars used this decoction to treat chronic renal insufficiency, uremia, diabetic nephropathy, etc., and achieved some effects. Our previous one in vivo study demonstrated that, DFD can ameliorate apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in adenine-induced renal damage rats through regulating JNK/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. This research aims to measure different syndromes by different herbs and study the material base of kidney yang-deficiency, in order to prove that DFD is a warm and purgative method to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, we will investigate the action of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by the in vitro study of the intervention of Akt plasmid and Akt inhibitor in renal tubular epithelial cells, as well as in vivo study of tail vein injection of Akt plasmid and Akt-siRNA plasmid in kidney injury rats. Moreover, with the treatment of DFD in vivo and vitro studies, we will do research on the effect of DFD in renal tubular epithelial cells via regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The purpose of this research is to further explore the mechanism of DFD in treating CKD and supply the scientific bases for effectively preventing and treating CKD.