大功率辅助加热条件下高能量粒子激发的多模磁流体不稳定性的实验研究

实验证明托卡马克等磁约束聚变装置上辅助加热功率超过一定阈值之后，高能量粒子会同时激发不同频率、不同波长和局域于不同位置的多模磁流体（MHD）不稳定性，并引发高能量粒子新的损失和输运机制。理论和模拟预言ITER装置上氘-氚反应产生的自持激加热源—3.52 MeV的阿尔法（α）粒子也会激发多模MHD不稳定性。本项目将利用HL-2A/2M装置上大功率的辅助加热系统，尤其是强电子回旋辐射加热（ECRH）系统，开展高能量粒子激发的多模MHD不稳定性的实验研究：观测和鉴别多模MHD不稳定性的模特性和模成分；研究辅助加热功率，高能量粒子的能量、速度和空间分布等对多模MHD不稳定性的影响，揭示多模MHD不稳定性新的激发机制；明确多模MHD不稳定性对高能量粒子损失和再分布的影响等。为ITER燃烧等离子体的物理研究和运行提供实验依据。

It's proved that multi-mode MHD instabilities, with different frequencies, different wave lengths and different located positions, can be excited simultaneously by energetic particles when the auxiliary heating power exceeds a certain threshold by experiments. The new loss and transport mechanism of energetic particles will be caused by the multi-mode MHD instabilities. Theory and simulation give a prediction that multi-mode MHD instabilities will be excited by the self-heating source—3.52 Mev alpha (α) particles, generated by deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion reactions. The investigation on multi-mode MHD instabilities excited by energetic particles during high-power auxiliary heating, especially in strong ECRH condition, will be carried out on HL-2A/2M. The characteristics and elements of the multi-mode instabilities will be observed and identified; The auxiliary heating power threshold for exciting the multi-mode instabilities will be find out; Effects of energy-, velocity-profiles and even the spatial profile of energetic particles on the elements and amplitude of multi-mode instabilities will be studied; The new mechanism of multi-mode instabilities will be researched; The loss and redistribution of energetic particles caused by multi-mode instabilities will be measured. The experimental experience of multi-mode MHD instabilities excited by energetic particles during high-power auxiliary heating on HL-2A/2M will provide physical and experimental evidence for burning plasma physics in ITER.