药物洗脱支架的应用明显减少了冠脉支架内再狭窄，但晚期支架内血栓（LST）会导致急性心肌梗死甚至猝死，已成为临床关注热点。最近冠脉内影像学和人类病理学研究分别报道了支架内新生斑块破裂可能是LST的主要原因之一。但支架内新生斑块的影像学检测与病理相关性如何？其形成和进展的关键影响因素是什么？目前尚不清楚。我们前期工作显示，高脂喂养可诱导兔髂动脉支架内斑块的发生。本研究拟建立兔髂动脉支架内新生斑块模型，应用频域光学相干断层成像（FD-OCT）和虚拟组织学血管内超声成像（iMAP-IVUS）检测支架内斑块的特点，评价影像学手段检测支架内斑块与病理的吻合度。结合分子生物学等检测手段，研究血脂水平、支架自身成分和炎症因素在支架内斑块形成过程中的作用，初步探讨特异性和非特异性抗炎治疗在抑制支架内斑块进展中的作用。本研究拟为影像学在体检测支架内斑块提供依据，为进一步研究支架内斑块发生机制奠定基础。

Drug eluting stents are widely used in clinic for its effectiveness in reducing coronary restenosis, but late stent thrombosis (LST) can cause severe acute coronary events. With the development of clinical intravascular imaging technology, such as intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), human in-stent neoatherosclerosis has been documented recently and further validated by pathological study. More attentions focus on in-stent neoatherosclerosis because its rupture could result in LST and severe clinical events. However, the mechanism of in-stent neoatherosclerosis is still unkown. The correlation between intravascular modality imaging and pathologic examination for assessment of in-stent neoatherosclerosis needs to be further confirmed. Our preliminary research results showed that in-stent neoatherosclerosis could be induced by feeding cholesterol diet after stent implant in rabbit iliac artery. So by using rabbit iliac artery in-stent neoatherosclerosis model under different cholesterol diet conditions,our present study represents an in vivo imaging and histopathological correlation study for assessment of in-stent atherosclerosis. The possible relative factors referring to the development of in-stent neoatherosclerosis, which focus on the lipid level , composition of stent itself and inflammatory factor,will be assessed .We also want to test the feasibility of preventing the in-stent neoatherosclerosis by specific and nonspecific anti-inflammatory treatments. Our study is aimed to provide imaging criteria for in vivo assessment of in-stent neoatherosclerosis and to provide the preliminary understanding of the mechanism of in-stent neoatherosclerosis.