基于断错位移累积的断裂带强震活动特性研究－以河套盆地北缘断裂带为例

沿断裂分布的各种断错地貌特征是断裂活动最直接的证据和表现形式。通过定量获取断裂沿线被断错地貌体的位移累积分布，可以恢复较为详细的断裂强震活动历史，进而重建断裂带上的强震复发模式，对预测断裂带上未来一定时期内的强震活动趋势具有重要的指导意义。摄影测量方法的快速发展及高分辨率遥感影像的日益丰富为获取断裂沿线密集的断错位移分布提供了有效的方法和途径。本项目拟选择河套盆地北缘断错地貌较为发育的典型活动正断层，基于高分辨率遥感影像立体像对，利用摄影测量方法获取断裂带高精度、高分辨率的三维地形地貌数据，在精细构造地貌解译和建立地貌单元序列的基础上，沿断裂开展不同地貌单元上的断错垂直位移测量，获取断裂带密集的断错位移累积分布，并结合断裂带上的历史地震和古地震研究结果，恢复断裂的强震破裂历史，建立断裂的强震复发模式。本项目期望将传统的活动构造研究与现代新技术和新方法相结合，拓展活动构造研究的方法与视野。

The various faulted landforms along a fault are the most direct evidence and reflection of the fault activity. By quantitatively obtaining the cumulative slip distribution along the fault, we can recover the activity history of the fault in detail, and then reconstruct the recurrence model of strong earthquakes on the fault, which is of great significance for predicting the occurrence of strong earthquakes on the fault in the future. The rapid development of the photogrammetry method and the enrichment of high-resolution satellite images enable us to acquire dense displacement distribution along the fault. Typical active normal faults located on the northern margin of the Hetao basin are selected as the study objects of this project. Then three-dimensional topographic data of high resolution and precision will be derived from high-resolution stereo satellite imagery based on the photogrammetry method. After detailed tectono-geomorphic interpretation and establishment of sequence of geomorphic units along the fault, displacements on the fault scarps across different geomorphic units will be measured based on the high-resolution topographic data. Combining the displacement clusters with previous research results of both historical earthquakes and paleoearthquakes on the fault, we will recover the slip history and then establish the recurrence model of strong earthquakes on the fault. This project expects to combine traditional active tectonics research with modern new technology, in order to expand both the method and view of active tectonics research.