深水环境下聚能接触爆炸载荷及其对双壳体潜艇结构的毁伤机理研究

水下聚能接触爆炸过程伴随着金属射流的高应变率流动、气泡的腔吸和对射流、复杂波系在多层结构间的传播以及结构的冲塞撕裂等非线性流固耦合现象，经常会造成潜艇结构穿透性破口、大面积塑性破坏乃至折断失稳。为此，本项目基于流固耦合动力学理论，首先建立深水聚能接触爆炸的瞬态流固耦合数值模型，通过模型试验验证其正确性；在此基础上，考虑金属射流产生的破口效应，探明金属射流、冲击波及气泡载荷的形成机理；进而计入舷间介质、结构敷设层等目标特性的影响，摸清深水聚能接触爆炸冲击载荷能量在多层结构和介质间的传递规律，掌握其时空分布特性；最后，计入深水压力的影响，揭示深水聚能接触爆炸全过程载荷对双壳体潜艇结构的毁伤机理。研究内容包括：1）深水聚能接触爆炸流固耦合模型研究；2）深水聚能接触爆炸的冲击载荷特性研究；3）深水聚能接触爆炸冲击载荷在多层结构和介质间传递规律研究；4）深水聚能接触爆炸对双壳体潜艇结构毁伤特性研究。

The underwater explosion process of shaped-charge is accompanied by nonlinear fluid-structure interaction phenomena such as high strain rate flow of metal jets, suction and convection of bubbles, propagation of complex wave systems between multilayer structures, and plugging and tearing of structures, which often causes penetrating ruptures, large-scale plastic damage and even broken or instability in the submarine structure. To this end, based on the fluid-structure interaction dynamics theory, firstly the numerical model of transient fluid-structure interaction of shaped-charge under deep-water contact explosion is established, and its accuracy is verified through model experimental results; and then considered the hole effect produced by the metal jet, the formation mechanism of loads such as metal jets, shock waves and bubbles is analyzed; further considering the influence of target characteristics such as inboard media and structural laying layers, the propagation law of the shock energy between the multi-layer structure and the medium during the deep-water shaped-charge contact explosion will be found and the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution will be also summarized; finally, taking the effect of deep water pressure is into account, the damage mechanism of the double-hull submarine structure caused by the deep-water contact explosion will be revealed. The main studies are as follows: 1) the numerical model of fluid-structure interaction of shaped charge contact explosion under deep water; 2) the shock load characteristics of deep water shaped-charge contact explosion; 3) the propagation law of shock energy between multilayer structure and medium during shaped-charge contact explosion in deep water; 4) the damage characteristics of shaped-charge contact explosion in deep water to the double-hull submarine structure.