旅游发展背景下山地型民族村寨地方性重构：过程、机制及效应——以贵州雷公山苗族村寨群落为例

地方性是地方本质的“内核”。当旅游逐渐成为山地型民族村寨地方空间生产的主导力量时，村寨文化景观消减化、空间资本化和权利化、族群认同变异化等问题并存，村寨地方性不断重构，地方意义演绎出新的特征。如何处理好旅游与文化可持续发展关系，留住村寨地方性脉络与基因，是旅游地理研究亟待解决的重要课题。本研究基于地方理论，遵循“地方性识别解析→地方性重构过程与机制→文化可持续发展”的人地关系地域系统演化逻辑路径，以贵州雷公山苗族村寨群落为样区，立足旅游发展与地方性重构的有机关联，采用多学科融惯综合分析、GIS空间分析和空间句法分析等方法，从景观、符号、文本及情感等维度出发，识别、测度与解析山地型民族村寨的地方性，揭示、分析旅游发展背景下地方性重构过程与机制，判别地方性重构的时空效应，提出山地型民族村寨地方性重构调控、优化的路径与模式。

Placeness is the essential kernel of place. The placeness is being reconstructed constantly and interpreted by a new place meaning when tourism development gradually becomes the main force of space production in mountain ethnic village，these changes mainly attributed to a series of human-environment system problems, such as the subtraction of cultural landscape, the righting and capitalization of space and the alienation of ethnic identity. So it is a key issue for tourism geography to study the relationship between tourism and cultural sustainable development and retain village’s vein and gene. Based on Place and Placeness theory,the research was followed by the man-land relationship areal system evolution path（Placeness recognition and analysis→Placeness reconstruction process and mechanism→Cultural sustainable development），the organic link between tourism development and placeness reconstruction,the comprehensive multidisciplinary advantages by taking the Miao ethic village group in Lei Gong mountain of Guizhou province as empirical research area.The research is started from the dimensions of landscape, symbol, text and emotion, which aims to recognition, measure and analysis placeness;to reveal and analysis the reconstruction process and mechanism of placeness; to distinguish the spatio-temporal effects of placeness reconstruction; and to propose the regulation and optimization path and mode by the research methods of comprehensive analysis,GIS and spatial syntax analysis.