基于Seebeck效应的污水处理能量回收技术及效能调控机制研究

污水处理过程蕴含大量热能，若能有效利用转化为电能，将为降低污水处理成本提供全新思路。然而，由于缺乏合理高效的回收方式和调控策略，仍存在热能利用率低及能量转换效率低等瓶颈问题。本项目拟利用含酸废水处理过程产生的热量，基于Seebeck效应构建能耐受污水环境的温差发电反应器对其进行定向回收。以期通过研究污水处理过程中热量的释放特征和传导规律，揭示提高热能利用率的温差最大化构成机制；系统调控影响能量转换效率的发电反应器材料组成、空间构型、污水流量及热量接触面积，阐明持续产热的发电型污水处理反应器的设计原理；以污水净化和能量回收相协同，构建含酸废水的自发电型处理工艺，研发污水处理过程能量回收的原型技术，为未来能源自给的污水处理概念厂提供科学依据与技术支持。

A large amount of heat energy contains during wastewater treatment, and it will provide a new idea for reducing the cost of wastewater treatment if can be effectively converted into electric energy. However, there are still bottleneck problems of low utilization rate and conversion efficiency of heat energy, due to the lack of reasonable and efficient recycling approaches and regulating strategies. The proposed project constructs a thermoelectric reactor that can withstand the sewage environment for directional recycling of the heat during acid wastewater treatment based on the Seebeck effect. The mechanism of temperature differential maximization for the thermal efficiency enhancement will be revealed by investigating the characteristic of heat release and conduction during wastewater treatment. The factors for energy conversion efficiency including constituent materials, steric configuration, flow rate and heat transfer area of power generation reactor is systematically regulated, illustrating the design principle of the power-generation wastewater treatment reactor. For the collaborative goal of sewage purification and energy recycle, the self-power generation process of acid wastewater treatment is constructed, and the prototype technology of energy recycle during wastewater treatment is developed, providing scientific basis and technical support for the concept of energy self-sufficient for the wastewater treatment in the future.