基于道契、行名录与地图的近代上海城市景观变迁研究（1843-1941年）

城市景观的形成是人类活动与自然环境的耦合过程，也是地理学的研究重点之一。上海作为中国城市化发展最早，城市化发展水平最高的城市，开埠以来城市景观发生巨变，厘清其变迁过程及规律对理解中国城市化过程具有重要意义。本研究基于近代上海保存的，但尚未被学界系统挖掘使用的英美租界地图、地籍图和商业统计资料，借助GIS工具分析上海英美租界的景观变迁过程。具体包括：1）搜集、整理、提取《上海道契》《行名录》所载时空信息，利用GIS工具数字化海量的大比例尺实测地图，实现学术界目前为止最精细的英美租界二维地理空间重建，分辨率最高可达地块尺度；2）基于前述二维数据，采用GIS等技术进行景观三维重建，是学界第一次系统可视化复原英美租界的三维城市景观；3）在上述复原的基础上分析近代上海城市景观演化过程及其驱动力。本研究为分析中国城市景观的历史形成过程及机制提供了一个基于扎实数据基础的实证研究案例。

The forming process of urban landscape is a process of human interference in natural environment, which reveals the distinctive features of human-land relationship and functions. As the city with the earliest and highest level of urbanization in China, Shanghai has undergone tremendous changes in its urban landscape since the opening of the port, and it is important to clarify the process and patterns of its changes to understand the process of urbanization in China. Based on the city maps, cadastral maps and industrial and commercial statistics of the British and American Settlements that have not been systematically used, this study analyzes the process of landscape change in the settlements of Shanghai since the opening of the city with the help of GIS tools, which includes: 1. Collect, organize, and extract the spatial and temporal information contained in Shanghai Title Deed and Hong List and digitize a large number of large-scale actual maps using GIS tools to achieve the most detailed two-dimensional geospatial reconstruction of the British and American settlements in academia so far, with a resolution up to the parcel scale; 2. Based on the two-dimensional data mentioned above, reconstruct the urban landscape of three-dimension using GIS technology, etc., which is the first comprehensive visualization of the three-dimensional urban landscape of the modern Shanghai British and American Settlements in the academic community; 3. Analyzing the process of urban landscape evolution in modern Shanghai and its driving forces. This study provides an empirical case based on solid data for the exploration of the formation process and mechanism of urban landscape in modern China. Also, it will expand the usage of materials and improve the methods regarding historical urban landscape study.