ZrB2用作热防护材料时要求具有良好的高温稳定性，引入ZrC可改善其抗氧化性能。目前高温合成的ZrB2/ZrC复合材料多以粉末状作为C/C复合材料基体改性和热防护涂层的重要组分，但是存在着结合力不高和耐烧蚀能力较低等问题，所以设计一种ZrB2/ZrC复合纳米纤维与ZrB2@ZrC核壳纳米纤维对于C/C复合材料的热防护具有重要的意义。本项目提出采用静电纺丝技术结合原位反应制备ZrB2/ZrC复合纳米纤维及ZrB2@ZrC核壳纳米纤维，通过对工艺优化、纤维表征以及所制备的热防护涂层在超高温和高速气流下的耐烧蚀和抗氧化实验，系统深入研究制备工艺对纳米纤维的高温晶化及组织演变规律等的影响，揭示组分比例与核壳尺寸对纳米纤维形态和长(短)纤维长径比的作用机理，以及纤维的微观结构与成分变化对其高温下组织演变规律及高温稳定性的影响机制，为高性能热防护材料的设计和制备提供理论基础和实验证据。

ZrB2 material requirements high temperature stability when used as a thermal protection material, and its oxidation resistance will be improved by introduced the ZrC. ZrB2/ZrC composite powders which were made by high temperature synthesis were important component of C/C composites matrix modification and the thermal protective coating. However, there are some problems that were low binding force and ablation resistant ability, so the design of a kind of ZrB2/ZrC composite nanofibers or ZrB2@ ZrC core-shell nanofibers for the thermal protection of C/C composite material has an important significance. This project developed to fabricate ZrB2/ZrC composite nanofibers and ZrB2@ZrC core-shell nanofibers by electrospinning and in situ reaction. Effects of preparing processes on crystallization and microstructure evolution in high temperature were investigated by process optimization, nanofibers characterization and fire and oxidation resistance experiments of the thermal protection coating under the ultra high temperature and high speed air flow. The effect mechanism of components proportion and the size of the core/shell on nanofibers morphologies and the ratio of the length to diameter of long or short nanofibers were revealed. Influence mechanism of the component distribution and the micro-structures on the high temperature stability of nanofibers will be studied. This will provide theoretical basis and experimental evidence to designation and fabrication of high performance thermal protection materials.