基于呼吸冷凝液的样品自收集机制及病毒抗原蛋白的检测研究

呼吸冷凝液（EBC）检测作为一种非侵入式的临床疾病诊断手段展现了巨大的发展前景。虽然目前已经开展了一些关于EBC样品用于临床疾病检测的研究工作。但是，在常温条件下研究EBC样品收集效率和机制仍然是提高检测灵敏度、准确性和实现临床应用的关键科学问题。因此，急需探索一种标准化的EBC样品收集和检测一体化的新方法。本项目基于呼出气溶胶和液滴在不同亲/疏水PDMS基底上的冷凝行为，研究呼出行为对EBC样品收集的影响因素，从而揭示常温环境下气溶胶和液滴的冷凝动力学机制，进而提高EBC中待检测蛋白的富集和脱离效率，构建一种EBC样品自冷凝和自收集的基底，为建立EBC样品收集的标准化方法提供可靠依据；进一步使用病毒抗原蛋白检测金标免疫层析试纸条，设计一种EBC样品收集和检测一体化的口罩，研究EBC样品用于冠状病毒抗原检测的可行性，以期实现应用于临床疾病的大规模筛查和快速诊断的无创检测技术。

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a detection medium is a prospective method for diagnosis of clinical disease due to the non-invasiveness and simplicity of the technique. Previously studies have reported the feasibility analysis of disease diagnosis in clinical using EBC samples. However, there are some limitations in clinical diagnosis using EBC samples from a lower collection temperature, because of a lack of standardization regarding in collection methods and sample analysis. Therefore, the collection efficiency and mechanism study of EBC samples under normal temperature are the key scientific issues to improve the detection sensitivity and accuracy of clinical disease. So, it is necessary to address the methodological standardization in collection method and sample detection. According to the aerosol and droplets exhaled by human, this project proposes to study the self-condensation behaviour and effect of the aerosol and droplets on PDMS substrate based on different hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties. What these find could provide clues to the dynamic mechanism of the aerosol and droplets condensation and provide reliable ground for the method standardization of sample collection. Meanwhile, a self-condensation and self-collection substrate is constructed to improve the collection and separation of protein from EBC samples. Furthermore, a face mask combining the sample collection and detection of viral protein is designed to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing EBC samples in detecting coronary viral protein in pneumonia patients by the immunochromic reaction of gold chromatography. This work hopes to achieve a noninvasive platform towards screening and diagnosis of some clinical diseases.